医疗侵权因果关系举证责任缓和制度的设计构想——以《侵权责任法》第58条为例

On the Establishment of the Burden of Proof to Ease on Causation of Medical Negligence Liability——In article 58 of Tort Liability Law for example

《侵权责任法》在更高法律位阶上改变了适用近十年的《证据规定》中的医疗损害责任举证责任倒置的原则,并试图辅之以第58条过错推定制度为代表的系列缓和制度以平衡医患举证责任强度。然而,《侵权责任法》中因果关系证明责任制度的模糊甚至是矛盾以及相关配套程序制度的缺位,导致了第58条等系列制度在实践中面临种种困境。而借鉴他国成功经验建立系统的举证责任缓和制度应当是解决问题的有效途径。

The Tort Liability Law changed for nearly a decade of medical damage liability principle of inversion burden of proof. And try to accompany the represented Article58 to balance the burden of proof between victim patient and medical facility. However, the causation in Tort Liability Law is very vague and even contradictory, as well as the absence of related application systems, Lead to the Article 58 facing various difficulties in practice. Reference from foreign successful experience, establish the burden of proof to ease should be a effective way to solve the problem.