四川庐山地震灾害后老年人日常生活能力的相关因素分析

Factors associated with activities of daily living among the elderly after the earthquake disaster in Lushang,Sichuan

目的了解庐山地震后地震灾区老年人的日常生活能力的现状,探讨其相关因素,为维持和改善地震地区老年人的日常生活能力提供依据。方法采用自行设计的问卷对地震灾区老年人的一般生活情况进行调查,并采用日常生活能力量表(ADL)对其进行日常生活能力的评估,并分析相关影响因素。结果庐山地震地区老年人日常生活能力评分(19.53±8.68)分;不同年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业及健康状况的老年人日常生活能力差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.001)。多因素分析发现灾区老年人的年龄、文化程度、婚姻、健康状况及居住环境是影响灾害后老年人日常生活能力的主要因素。结论地震灾害后老年人的日常生活能力下降,且受多种因素影响,我们应特别关注。

Objective To investigate the factors associated with activities of daily living（ADL） among older people in the Si- chuan region after an earthquake. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to examine the general living conditions of the eld- erly after earthquake. The relationship between sociodemographic factors and ADL was analyzed. Results The ADL score of older peo- ple in Sichuan Province after the earthquake was 19. 53± 8.68. The scores were different in different age, marital status, education lev- els, occupations or health status （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Furthermore, multivariate analysis showed that older age, educational level, marital status, health status and living conditions were major factors influencing the ADL scores. The ADL difficulty was associated with age,low level of education, poor health and widow. Conclusion ADL of the elderly in Sichuan region was decline after the earthquake, and was effec- ted by many factors. We should pay particular attentions.