农村初中生公正世界信念、感恩和时间管理对学业成绩的影响——调节与中介作用分析

The Effects of Rural Lower Secondary School Students' Belief in a Just World,Gratitude and Time Management on Their Academic Achievements

为探讨农村初中生公正世界信念、感恩和时间管理对学业成绩的影响,以及其中的调节和中介机制,本研究运用个人一般公正世界信念量表、感恩问卷、时间效能量表和学业成绩主观评定量表对472名农村初中生进行了调查。研究结果发现:(1)农村初中生普遍拥有积极的公正世界信念、感恩心理和时间管理状况,三者之间及其与主观评定学业成绩之间有显著正相关;(2)留守类型在公正世界信念、时间管理与学业成绩间起调节作用。父母均外出工作的初中生,他们的公正世界信念与学业成绩间没有关系,时间管理与学业成绩间有较弱正相关,而父母一方外出和父母均未外出的初中生,他们的公正世界信念、时间管理与学业成绩间有较强正相关;(3)感恩和时间管理在公正世界信念与学业成绩之间起完全中介作用,时间管理在其中的作用更大;时间管理还在感恩与学业成绩之间起部分中介作用。

This study aims to probe into the effects of rural lower secondary school students＇ belief in a just world, gratitude and time management on their academic achievements, by surveying a total of 4/2 rural lower secondary school students with scales and questionnaires. The results show the following： （1） the students surveyed show a positive attitude towards their belief in a just world, gratitude and time management, and there are positive correlations between the three, as well as the three and their academic achievements; （2） for those whose parents leave home and work in cities, there is no correlation between their belief in a just world and their academic achievements, but a weak positive correlation between their time management and their academic achievements; for those who stay at home with their parent（s）, there is a strong positive correlation between their be- lief in a just world, time management and academic achievements; （3） their gratitude, and their time management in particular, completely mediate between their belief in a just world and academic achievements; their time management partially mediates between their gratitude and academic achievements.