上海邮电系统慢性肾脏病患者高血压横断面研究

Cross sectional study on hypertension in Shanghai post and telecommunications system in patients with chronic kidney disease

目的 对上海邮电系统职工慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者的高血压患病率、知晓率、控制率和降压药使用情况进行横断面研究.方法 回顾性分析在本院肾内科门诊就诊的上海邮电系统职工初诊CKD患者810例,其中男性422例（52.1％）,女性388例（47.9％）,年龄（26-96）岁.结果 ①83.58％的CKD患者伴高血压,高血压知晓率为占92.02％,治疗率达到了80.35％,高血压控制率为19.65％;②吸烟、肥胖、糖尿病、尿酸、肾功能减退、高龄,这些变量均为上海邮电系统职工CKD门诊患者高血压发病的危险因素;③上海邮电系统初诊CKD患者使用l、2和3种或以上降压药物者分别为72.8％ （493/677）、24.3％ （165/677）和2.9％（19/677）.在已服药的544例中,单药服用的患者中,降压药物中使用比例最高药物是钙离子拮抗剂（CCB）48.0％ （261/544）,血管紧张素受体Ⅱ受体拮抗剂（ARB） 31.6％ （172/544）,其次为血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂（ACEI）9.9％ （54/544）.联合治疗方案中,使用最多的是ARB＋ CCB占18.8％（102/544）;④上海邮电系统初诊CKD患者的CKD知晓率：46.67％.结论 上海邮电系统职工CKD患者的高血压发病率高,高血压知晓率与治疗率均较高,而CKD的知晓率低,且高血压的控制率仍低;吸烟、肥胖、糖尿病、尿酸、肾功能减退、高龄,这些变量均为CKD患者高血压发病的危险因素.

Objectives To investigate the situation of prevalence of hypertension Shanghai Posts and Telecommunications Systems,prevalence,awareness,treatment,control and the use of antihypertensive drugs of hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease（CKD） by cross-sectional study.Methods 810 patients with CKD in Shanghai Posts and Telecommunications Systems from were enrolled in the study,including 422 cases were male （52.1％）,female 388 cases （47.9％）,age （26 to96） years of age.Results ①83.58％ of CKD patients with hypertension,accounting for 92.02％ of hypertension awareness,treatment rate reached 80.35％,hypertension control rate was 19.65％.②The prevalence of hypertension in CKD patients of Shanghai Posts and Telecommunications Systems is quite high,which is associated with the progression of smoking,diabetes,obesity,uric acid,renal function,increase of age,the type of underlying kidney disease.③Patients received 1,2 and 3 or more kinds of antihypertensive drugs accounted for 72.8％ （493 / 677）,24.3％ （165 / 677） and 2.9 ％ （19 / 677） respectively.In 544 cases,the combination of calcium channel blocker（CCB） and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system （RAAS） inhibitors was more frequently used in CKD patients.The CCB was the most frequently prescribed drug 48.0％ （261/544）,ollowed by angiotensin H receptor blockers （ARB） 31.6％ （172/544）,angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors（ACEI） 9.9％ （54/544）.During combination therapy,the most is the ARB ＋ CCB accounted for 18.8％ （102/544）.（4） 46.67％ patients with CKD in Shanghai Posts and Telecommunications Systems was awareness.Conclusions The incidence of hypertension Shanghai Posts and Telecommunications Systems with CKD patients,was higher rates of hypertension awareness and treatment,and low awareness of CKD,and The prevalence of hypertension in CKD patients of Shanghai Posts and Telecommunications Systems is quite high,which is associated with the progression of smoking,diabetes,obesity,uric acid,renal function,increase ofage,the type of underlying kidney disease.