不同酸消解方法在土壤重金属测定中的比较研究

A Comparative Study on Different Acid Digestion Methods in the Determination of Heavy Metals in Soil

分别用三种不同的酸消解方法进行土壤标准样品的前处理，用原子吸收分光光度法测定其中铜、铅、锌、镉、镍、锰、总铬元素的含量。结果表明，电热板/硝酸-过氧化氢-氢氟酸消解方法耗酸量少，消解时间短，适用于土壤中铜、铅、锌、镉、镍、锰元素的前处理，相对标准偏差为1.0%～5.0%；而使用电热板/硝酸-硫酸-氢氟酸方法针对土壤中总铬元素进行消解前处理，准确度更高，相对标准偏差为2.7%～5.1%。

Three acid digestion methods for the determination of heavy metals in soil samples were adopted and determined the content of Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Mn, Cd, Cr by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that electric hot plate/ HNO3＋H2O2＋HF digestion which spend less acid and shorter digestion time is more suitable for preliminary treatment of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni and Mn element, the RSD is 1.0%～5.0%; Electric hot plate/HNO3＋H2SO4＋HF digestion which is higher accuracy is more suitable for preliminary treatment of Cr element, the RSD is 2.7%～5.1%.