日本离岛管理制度及其对我国的启示

Island Management System of Japan and its Reference to China

边远海岛对于维护国家海洋权益和促进海岛地区社会经济发展具有重要意义。我国边远海岛发展与管理面临着缺少发展规划、基础设施薄弱、产业发展滞后、人口流失严重等问题,急需加强发展和管理。日本离岛也面临着人口数量减少、老龄化现象突出以及农林水产业、旅游业等传统产业下滑的趋势,本文介绍了日本离岛振兴管理的主要制度和措施,提出了我国边远海岛管理的借鉴和启示:开展边远海岛详细调查和分析、制定边远海岛扶持计划并进行适时调整、建立边远海岛扶持机制、制定鼓励边远海岛定居的有关政策、重视扶持渔业和旅游业等特色产业发展、重视无居民的边远海岛振兴。日本离岛的管理可为我国提供实践借鉴。

Remote islands are of great significance for safeguarding nationalmaritime rights and interests and promoting the socio-economic development ofisland areas. The development and management of remote islands in China isfacing with such issues as lack of development plan, weak infrastructure,backward industry development, serious loss of population,so it is urgent tostrengthen the development and management of remote islands. The management ofthe Japanese islands can provide practical references for China. This articledescribes the phenomenon of depopulation and ageing, and the declining trendsin traditional industries such as agriculture, forestry, aquaculture andtourism in Japanese islands. This article analyzes the management system andmeasures to revitalize remote islands by Japan, and puts forward some suggestionsof remote island mangement in China, such as conducting investigationand analysis of the status of islands, developing support plans with timelyadjustment in islands, establishing support mechanism, encouraging inhabitation,strengthening the dynamic tracking survey of situation of support,supportingthe development of such characteristic industries as fishing andtourism etc, and attaching importance to the development of uninhabited islands.We hope it could show some practical significance in the mangement ofremote islands in China.