冬季弱光条件下不同厚皮甜瓜品种生理指标初探

Preliminary Physiological Indices of Different Varieties of Muskmelon under Low Light Conditions in Winter in Xinjiang

【目的】以新疆不同厚皮甜瓜品种为材料,研究新疆冬季弱光条件下不同厚皮甜瓜生理指标的变化,为进一步筛选出新疆冬季弱光条件下的耐弱光指标奠定基础,并为厚皮甜瓜品种耐弱光鉴定和育种提供理论依据。【方法】在新疆冬季弱光条件下对5个厚皮甜瓜品种测定比叶重、叶绿素含量、CAT、POD、SOD等指标,对比各单项指标的耐弱光变化情况。【结果】不同厚皮甜瓜品种在新疆冬季弱光条件下,果实膨大期的比叶重品种间存在差异,可作为冬季耐弱光品种鉴定指标;开花期到坐果期耐弱光品种叶绿素含量快速升高,坐果后叶绿素含量缓慢下降,较耐弱光和不耐弱光品种变化幅度不大;叶绿素a/b和类胡萝卜素无差异。耐弱光和较耐弱光品种CAT含量变化伸蔓期到开花期下降,开花期到坐果期先升高后下降,坐果期到果实膨大期又升高,不耐弱光的品种从伸蔓期到果实膨大期一直呈缓慢下降;POD含量伸蔓期到开花期缓慢升高,开花期到坐果期缓慢下降,坐果期到果实膨大期又急剧升高。耐弱光厚皮甜瓜品种的POD活性比不耐弱光厚皮甜瓜品种弱;SOD伸蔓期到开花期耐弱光品种活力下降比不耐弱光品种幅度大,坐果期到膨大期耐弱光品种活力仍在上升,而不耐弱光品种活力开始快速下降。【结论】不同厚皮甜瓜品种在新疆冬季弱光条件下,比叶重、CAT、POD、SOD等生理指标可作为筛选冬季设施栽培耐弱光品种的鉴定指标。不同厚皮甜瓜在冬季弱光条件下耐弱光品种的SLW值大于不耐弱光品种,CAT和SOD活性明显强于不耐弱光品种,POD活性明显弱于不耐弱光品种。仅以少数性状指标来评价厚皮甜瓜不同品种间的耐弱光性,难以得到客观有效的结果,通过对这些指标下一步的综合分析更利于准确客观地鉴定厚皮甜瓜耐弱光性的强弱。

[Objective] Muskmelon materials of Xinjiang different varieties are taken as experimental materials to explore the physiological and biochemical indexes of muskmelon under different light conditions in winter in Xinjiang.The aim is to lay the foundation for further screening under low light indicators under Xinjiang winter light conditions,and provide theoretical basis for the identification of for the thick-skinned melon breeding varieties which are resistant to low light.[Method] In low-light conditions in winter in Xinjiang,specific leaf weight,chlorophyll content,CAT,POD,SOD and other indicators of five muskmelon varieties were measured and individual indicators to low light conditions change were compared,too.[Result] In Xinjiang winter light conditions,there were different varieties of melon fruit enlargement of the species differences in specific leaf weight,which could be used as indicator to carry out species identification ; chlorophyll content of low light varieties increased rapidly from flowering to fruiting stages,after the fruiting,chlorophyll content decreased slowly; there were no differences in chlorophyll a/b and carotenoid.Low light varieties were more resistant to changes in CAT content during the extending flowering period,which rose and then declined from flowering to fruit setting.POD content slowly rose from the elevated flowering vine and declined after flowering and fruit setting stage and fruit enlargement period rose sharply.Muskmelon varieties resistant to low light POD activity was weaker than that of muskmelon varieties which were not resistant to low light; SOD of the flowering vine varieties resistant to low light activity decreased over a large range of varieties resistant to low light,the vitality of fruit of the enlargement of the low light variety was still rising,while vigor of the low-light varieties began to rapidly decline.[Conclusion] Specific leaf weight,CAT,POD,SOD and other physiological indexes of different muskmelon varieties in Xinjiang winter under low light conditions can be used as identification indexes of winter cultivation of weak light resistant varieties.SLW values of different muskmelons in winter under weak light condition of weak light resistant variety were greater than those of the weak light resistant varieties.CAT and SOD activity was stronger than those of non-low light tolerance cultivars,and POD activity was weaker than that of the weak light resistant varieties,It was difficult to get objective and effective result with only a few characters index of weak light tolerance of different varieties of muskmelon to be evaluated.The more comprehensive analysis of the next step of these indicators would be more conducive to have accurate identification of muskmelons under low light intensity.