性控冻精的DNA损伤及其检测方法

DNA Damage and Determining Methods of Sexing Sperm

性控冻精的广泛应用给现代畜牧业带来了巨大的利益。性控冻精在制作生产过程会受到高倍稀释、离心、激光照射、染色及冷冻等诸多因素的影响,而使精子DNA的完整性发生变化,结果降低受胎率,同时会对性控后代的遗传稳定性产生影响。精子DNA损伤检测方法有彗星实验(COMET assay,single cell gel electrophoresis SCGE),末端转移酶介导的d UTP末端标记法(Terminal tranferase d UTP Nick End Labelling TUNEL),精子染色质结构分析(sperm chromatin structure assay SCSA)和精子染色体扩散实验(Sperm chromatin dispersion SCD)等。本文综述了近年来精子DNA损伤检测方法的使用概况,对比了不同方法对检测结果的优势,为更好的评价性控冻精的质量,确定分离参数,及为生产受精率高、安全性高的性控冻精提供依据。

The wide use of sexing sperm has brought great benefits in modern livestock husbandry. During the production of sex-sorted spermatozoa,the cells are exposed to a number of potential hazards including： dilution,centrifugation,incubation,exposure to DNA stains,laser light,staining and cryopreservation. These factors may influence the integrity of sperm DNA to cau Se the low fertilization rate,Fourthmore,it might effect genetic stability of the offspring by sexing sperm AI. The sperm DNA integrity was measured by the single cell gel electrophoresis（ SCGE）,Terminal tranferase d UTP Nick End Labelling（ TUNEL）,the sperm chromatin dispersion（ SCD） and the Sperm chromatin structure assay（ SCSA）. The paper described and discussed the development of the detection techniques of the sperm DNA damage,in order to provide a references to assessment of sexing sperm quality to get the safty sexing sperm with high fertilization rate.