秦皇岛地区1077名MSM艾滋病相关高危行为及HIV等感染状况调查

Study on high risk behaviors of HIV / AIDS among 1 077 MSM and the prevalence of HIV in Qinhuangdao City

目的了解秦皇岛地区男男性接触者(MSM)性行为特征及人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)等感染状况及其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查,采取"滚雪球"抽样的方法,利用外展干预服务和艾滋病咨询检测(VCT)作为平台,于2010年4月—2012年8月,对在秦皇岛范围内活动的MSM就艾滋病知识态度、VCT知晓情况、高危行为特征进行面对面问卷调查,并采集血样进行HIV﹑丙肝病毒(HCV)及梅毒(TP)抗体血清学检测,对数据进行统计分析。结果有效问卷1 077份,平均年龄(25.9±6.0)岁,主要寻找性伴的途径以网络居多,占58.7%。45.1%的人知晓VCT,38.2%的人知晓并在VCT门诊做过HIV检测。对HIV传播途径知晓率高达90%。90.1%被调查者近6个月有过同性肛交行为,安全套坚持使用比例为39.5%,最近6个月有异性性行为者占25.5%。血清学检测结果显示,HIV抗体初筛阳性率为3.53%,TP血清双阳率为4.46%。与HIV感染率相关的因素包括:是否主要通过互联网寻找性伴﹑正确使用安全套可预防艾滋病的知晓情况﹑近1年曾被诊断性病情况﹑近6月肛交情况(P<0.05)。结论秦皇岛地区MSM对艾滋病防治知识知晓率较高,但VCT知晓并运用率较低;该人群感染属于HIV呈低流行态势,宜以此为锲机,开发针对性的干预模式,如VCT综合干预、网络干预,有效遏制HIV的流行。

[Objective]To understand the sexual characteristics and HIV infection status among the men who have sex with men（ MSM）,and the influencing factors. [Methods]The cross-sectional survey was adopted. The subjects were recruited through＂snowball-rolling＂sampling. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted on MSM in Qinhuangdao City from April 2010-August 2012 to collect the data on AIDS knowledge attitude,VCT awareness,the high-risk behavior characteristics based on the platform of outreach intervention services and VCT. And the blood samples were collected for HIV,HCV and TP tests. The data were analyzed by SPSS17. 0. [Results]Of 1 077 valid questionnaires,the mean age of participants was（ 25. 9 ± 6. 0） year old,the main setting of seeking sexual partners was Internet,which was 58. 7% of all the settings,45. 1% knew VCT,38. 2% knew it and had HIV testing at VCT clinic. The awareness rate of HIV transmission was up to 90%. 90. 1% of respondents had homosexual anal intercourse over the past 6 months,39. 5% insisted on condom use,and 25. 5% had heterosexual sex in recent 6 months. Serological test results showed the positive rate of HIV antibody screening was 3. 53%,double-positive rate of TP was 4. 46%. The factors related to the rate of HIV infection included whether often seeking sexual partners through Internet,the awareness that right condom use can prevent HIV infection,the sexually transmitted diseases infected in the past 1year,the anal sex intercourses in the past 6months（ P〈0.05）. [Conclusion]The rate of overall awareness about HIV / AIDS is high among MSM in Qinhuangdao City,but the rate of overall awareness and use of VCT is low. The rate of HIV infection is low. Therefore,it is important to formulate the intervention strategies for the MSM,such as VCT integrated intervention,network intervention to effectively curb the HIV epidemic.