2009—2013年沈阳市手足口病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Shenyang City from 2009-2013

目的分析2009—2013年沈阳市手足口病（HFMD）流行病学特征,为科学防控提供依据。方法利用《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》病例信息进行分析。结果 2009—2013年沈阳市累计报告HFMD病例37 399例,其中重症96例,死亡3例。年报告发病率60.87/10万-111.16/10万。全年各月均有发病,7月份达到顶峰,呈现单峰分布。重症和死亡病例也呈现单峰型,与发病高峰一致,重症病例从夏初绵延到冬季。疫情首发于流动人口聚集的郊区,发病率由高到低依次为郊区,市区和县。5岁及以下婴幼儿特别是2岁组和3岁组发病率最高,散居儿童比例占52.24%,略高于托幼儿童。1岁组和2岁组占重症病例比例最大,共占57.29%。实验室诊断病例1 075例,占病例总数的2.87%,其中EV71,Cox A16和其他EV分别占33.67%、40.65%和25.67%。结论沈阳市手足口病疫情处于高流行态势,5岁及以下儿童是主要发病人群,流行高峰期相对稳定,优势病毒株与全国流行趋势不完全吻合。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease（ HFMD） in Shenyang City.[Methods]The analysis was conducted on the incidence of HFMD during 2009-2013 collected from the national disease reporting information system. [Results] A total of 37 399 cases of HFMD,including 96 severe cases and 3 deaths,were reported in Shenyang City from 2009-2013. The reported incidence was 60. 87 /100 000-111. 16 /100 000. The cases distributed in each month throughout the year,with peak incidence in July,including severe cases and deaths. Suburban district had the highest incidence rates than urban and rural area. Severe cases were reported from early summer to winter. The first case appeared in suburban district where floating population gathered. The incidence rates in suburbs,urban area and rural area showed descending order. Children under 5 years old,especially the 2-year and 3-year old group,had the highest incidence. The scattered cases accounted for52. 24% which was slightly higher than preschool children. 1-year and 2-year old group occupied the largest proportion of severe cases（ 57. 29%）. Totally 1 075 cases（ 2. 87%） were laboratory confirmed,among which EV71 infections,Cox A16 infections and other enteric virus infections accounted for 33. 67%,40. 65% and 25. 67% respectively. [Conclusion]HFMD was highly endemic in Shenyang City. Children aged ≤5 years old are the group with high risk. The peak incidence was relatively stable. The predominant etiologic agents are not fully consistent with national trends.