2006—2013年大连市水痘流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Dalian City from 2006-2013

目的了解大连市2006—2013年水痘流行病学特征,进一步完善水痘防治策略及规划。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2006—2013年大连市水痘流行的三间分布等特点进行分析。结果 2006—2013年大连市共报告水痘24 023例,年平均发病率为47.87/10万,无死亡病例。冬春季为高发月份;发病率居前3位的地区分别为高新园区（136.52/10万）、甘井子区（94.77/10万）和旅顺口区（75.47/10万）;水痘病例主要集中于20岁以下年龄组,以学生和托幼儿童为主,其中5-9岁发病率最高,为308.52/10万;大于20岁的成人水痘发病比例呈明显上升趋势。水痘暴发疫情共235起,其中有18起构成Ⅳ级突发公共卫生事件,主要发生在学校和托幼机构。结论大连市水痘发病呈现明显的季节性高峰,儿童为高发人群,加强监测,尽早开展水痘疫苗常规接种是降低水痘发病率最为有效的方法。

[Objective]To understand the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Dalian City from 2006-2013,further improve the prevention and control strategies and planning of varicella. [Methods]The characteristics on temporal distribution,endemic distribution and population distribution of varicella in Dalian City from 2006-2013 were analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method. [Results]A total of 24 023 cases of varicella were reported in Dalian City from 2006-2013,with the average annual incidence of 47. 87 / lakh,and there was no death case. Most of case occurred in spring and winter. The top three areas of the highest incidence were High-tech Park（ 136. 52 / lakh）,Ganjingzi District（ 94. 77 / lakh） and Lvshunkou District（ 75. 47 / lakh）. Most of patients with varicella were student and childcare children under 20 years old,and the incidence in 5-9 year-old age group was the highest（ 308. 52 / lakh）. The incidence in adults over 20 years old showed a rising trend. A total of 235 varicella outbreaks were reported, including 18 grade Ⅳ public health emergencies, which mainly occurred in schools and kindergartens.[Conclusion]There is an obvious seasonal peak of varicella in Dalian City,and children are the high-risk population. To strengthen monitoring and implement the routine varicella vaccination as soon as possible are the most effective measures to reduce the incidence of varicella.