2013年贵州省农村饮水安全工程水质监测结果

Monitoring results of rural drinking water safety projects in Guizhou Province in 2013

目的了解贵州省农村生活饮用水水质现状,及时掌握该省农村饮水安全工程卫生状况。方法采用现场调查与实验室分析,水质分析结果按GB 5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》进行评价。结果饮水安全工程水源类型以地下水为主,完全处理的不到21.08%,部分处理中仅消毒的占16.75%,未处理的占38.07%;共采集4 889份水样,出厂水平均合格率和末稍水合格率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。检测的各项指标中,总大肠菌群微生物学指标合格率最低,为28.66%。结论贵州省农村生活饮用水卫生状况不佳,微生物污染是存在的主要卫生问题,建成后的饮水安全工程管理欠规范,存在管理主体不明确、消毒制度执行不彻底、水厂缺乏自检能力等问题。

[Objective]To investigate the quality of drinking water in rural areas of Guizhou Province,understand the sanitary status of rural drinking water safety projects in Guizhou. [Methods]The field investigation and laboratory analysis were applied in this study,and the results were evaluated according to Drinking water sanitary standard（ GB 5749-2006）. [Results]The main source of rural drinking water safety projects was underground water,of which less than 21. 08% were completely treated. Among the partly treated water,water samples only treated by disinfectants accounted for 16. 75% and those without any treatment accounted for38. 07%. A total of 4 889 water samples were collected,and there was no significant difference in the qualified rate between finished water and tap water（ P〉0.05）. In the monitoring indexes,the qualified rate of total coliform group was the lowest,which was 28. 66%. [Conclusion]The sanitary status of drinking water is not satisfactory in rural areas of Guizhou Province,and the microorganism contamination is the main problem in drinking water safety. The management is insufficient in completed drinking water safety projects,and there exist some problems such as indeterminate management subjects,incomplete implementation of disinfection system,and lack of self checking capability in some water plants.