安徽省歙县某蓄电池厂工人血铅水平调查结果

Investigation results of blood lead level among workers in a storage battery factory of Shexian County in Anhui Province

目的了解安徽省歙县蓄电池厂铅作业工人的血铅水平,以便采取科学有效的防护措施。方法采用石墨炉原子吸收法测定血铅含量并进行统计分析。结果 311名作业工人当中,血铅检测最低为14μg/L,最高为647μg/L,平均(292.4±161.5)μg/L;血铅≥400μg/L共有78人,超标率为25.1%,其中有6人超过了诊断值;不同性别、不同工龄及不同岗位之间工人血铅超标率差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。结论该企业工人血铅超标率仍处于较高水平,铅危害情况比较严重,因此应进一步加强监管力度,改进生产工艺,改善工作环境,规范和完善职业危害防护设施,加强对工人的职业危害宣传教育,提高工人自我防护意识,切实保护劳动者的身体健康。

[Objective]To understand the blood lead level of lead exposed workers in a storage battery factory of Shexian County in Anhui Province,take the scientific and effective protective measures. [Methods]The blood lead level was measured by the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry,and the results were statistically analyzed. [Results]In 311 lead exposed workers,the lowest and highest blood lead level was 14 μg / L and 647 μg / L respectively,and the average value was（ 292. 4 ± 161. 5） μg / L.There were 78 workers whose blood lead level was equal or greater than 400 μg / L,with the over-standard rate of 25. 1%. 6 workers had the blood lead level which was higher than the value of diagnosis. There were significant differences in the over-standard rate of blood lead among different sex,length of service,and position groups（ P〈 0. 01）. [Conclusion]The over-standard rate of blood lead among exposed workers in this factory is high relatively,and the lead hazard is more serious. Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the supervision,improve the production process,perfect the working environment,standardize and complete occupational protection facilities,enhance the publicity and education about occupational hazards among workers,raise the self-protection awareness of the workers,to effectively protect the health of labors.