城镇居民抗生素认知及其影响因素分析

Analysis fo antibiotic c gonitio n and influencing factors of urban residents

目的：了解城镇居民抗生素知识掌握程度及使用情况，分析抗生素滥用原因，为预防和控制抗生素滥用提供依据。方法随机整群选取安徽省芜湖市四个行政区城镇居民1623人，采用匿名调查抗生素知识掌握程度及使用情况、抗生素滥用原因。结果调查人群抗生素概念知晓率为61．19％，随着年龄的增大，抗生素知识知晓率越低，而随着文化程度的增高，抗生素知识知晓率呈增高趋势；医务人员的知识知晓率高于非医务人员。76．50％调查对象家中常备抗生素，“是否严格按照医嘱使用抗生素”回答肯定比例最多，占92．50％，“生病后是否主动要求医生开抗生素”回答肯定的比例仅为27．13％，男女差异有统计学意义（χ2＝4．910，P＝0．027）。结论城镇居民抗生素知识的缺乏是造成抗生素不正确使用的主要原因，需加大宣传力度和监管力度以遏制当前抗生素滥用现状。

Objective To understand the level of antibiotics knowledge and status ofantibiotics using among urban resi-dents, analyze the reasons of antibiotics abuse, and to provide the measures to prevent and control the overuse of antibiotic. Methods Random cluster method was used to select 1623 residents from four districts in Wuhu, Anhui Province, and the anon-ymous investigation was conducted with antibiotics knowledge, status of antibiotics using, and the causes of antibiotics abuse. Results The awareness of participants about the antibiotics was 61.19%.The awareness of antibiotics knowledge decreased with increasing age and increased with the rising of educational background, and the knowledge of medical staff was significantly higher than that in other population.76.50%of participants prepared antibiotics in home, and to the question of″If using antibi-otics in strict accordance with the doctor′s advice″, the proportion with affirmative answer was 92.50%, while to the question of″if asking doctors to prescribe antibiotics when ill″, the proportion with affirmative answer was only 27.13%.There was statisti-cally significant difference between gender （χ2=4.910,P=0.027）.Conclusion The lack of antibiotic knowledge is the main cause of the improper use of antibiotics among the urban residents, and it is necessary to intensify propaganda and supervision to curb the present overuse of antibiotics.