滇南古树晒青茶品质化学成分特征研究

Study on Characteristics of Quality Chemical Components of Sun-dried Tea of Ancient Tea Plants in South Yunnan

对来自云南省南部普洱茶主产区的35份古树晒青茶进行研究,检测古树晒青茶水浸出物、茶多酚和游离氨基酸总量等主要品质化学成分;利用高效液相色谱技术对晒青茶咖啡碱和儿茶素进行分析;运用主成分分析的方法对不同产地的晒青茶进行动态聚类分析。结果表明,不同地区古树晒青茶主要品质化学成分水浸出物、茶多酚、游离氨基酸总量、咖啡碱、儿茶素总量和没食子酸含量均值分别为46.95%、22.76%、2.49%、3.45%、8.73%和0.13%,其变异系数分别为4.58%、8.14%、22.24%、24.06%、19.31%和29.85%;SNK多重比较表明,同一化学成分不同地区古树晒青茶间含量差异显著;聚类分析结果表明,35份茶样共分为6类;这些结果进一步表明,云南古树晒青茶主要品质化学成分含量丰富且多样。

The main quality chemical composition of water extract,tea polyphenols and total free amino acid were studied in 35 sun-dried tea of ancient tea plants from south Yunnan.The eatechins and caffeine were separated by high performance liquid chromatography.The sundried tea of ancient tea plants in different places made the dynamic clustering analysis through the major components analysis method.The results showed that the average contents of water extract,tea polyphenols,total free amino acid and caffeine were 46.95 ％,22.76 ％,2.49 ％,3.45 ％,8.73 ％ and0.13 ％ respectively,and their variable coefficient were 4.58 ％,8.14 ％,22.24 ％,24.06 ％,19.31％ and 29.85 ％,respectively.The SNK multiple comparison results showed that the average content of the same chemical component were signifieantly different in the sun-dried tea of ancient tea plants of different regions.The cluster analysis results showed that the samples were divided into 6 classes.The results showed that the content of the main quality chemical composition of sun-dried tea of ancient tea plants was rich and varied.