西方蜜蜂抗螨蜂种子代形态测定分析

Morphometric Analysis on Filial Generation of Varroa-resistant Honeybees Apis mellifera

蜜蜂外部形态特征是蜜蜂分类鉴别的重要依据,而且形态特征与蜂群的经济性能紧密相关,因此,在抗螨蜜蜂遗传育种上可作为遗传标记辅助相关生产性状的选育。本实验采集西方蜜蜂抗螨蜂种子一代和子二代与本地意蜂、浙大蜜浆高产蜂种4个类型共20群蜜蜂样本,每群测定分析15只,每只工蜂共有38个测定的形态指标。结果表明抗螨蜂种子代在形态特征上与本地意蜂和浙大蜜浆高产蜂种存在显著差异;区辨和聚类分析得出,抗螨蜂种子代之间为一个类群,与浙大蜜浆高产蜂种聚为一个分支,与本地意蜂相对分开。

Bees external morphological characteristics are important basis of classification of bees,and closely relate to economic performance of honeybees.Therefore,these morphological characteristics can be used as genetic markers to assist the varroa-resistant honeybee genetic breeding.There were 20 samples of the first and second filial generation of varroa-resistant honeybees,the local A.mellifera and the honeybees of high yield honey and royal jelly breed from Zhejiang University,which were collected for this experiment.38 standard morphological characters of 15 bees of every group were measured as the standard methods made by Ruttner in 1988.The results showed that the morphological characters of the filial generation of varroa-resistant honeybees were significantly different with the local A.mellifera and the honeybees of high yield honey and royal jelly breed from Zhejiang University.Using cluster analysis,the filial generation of varroa-resistant honeybees was clustered into group,and could be clustered into a branch with the honeybees of high yield honey and royal jelly breed from Zhejiang University.The local A.mellifera was clustered into another branch.