珠三角代耕农流动原因与流转引导

Reasons of Farm Worker Flow in Pearl River Delta and Directions for Their Flow

代耕农是农业流动人口中的特殊群体。其流动方式有政府招耕、亲友介绍、中间人介绍、转租、自主流入等;具有产业内部性、趋利性、盲目性、无序性、不稳定性、时代性等特点。流入地与流出地政策制度、经济利益、社会关系、耕地环境、市场交通、代耕农群体等方面的推-拉合力,是代耕农流动的综合因素。近年来,代耕农呈现继续代耕、回家耕种、进厂打工、经营其他等流转新趋势。加强其流转引导是履行政府职能与维护社会和谐,节约流动成本与优化农村劳动力配置,维护社会公平与保障代耕农权益的需要。政府应从完善相关制度,保障代耕农权益,促进代耕农社会融合,加强对代耕农的服务等方面入手,引导代耕农有序、合理流转。

Farm workers are a special group in agricultural flowing population, the flowing methods of whom include enrollment from the government, the introduction of relatives, friends and middlemen, sublease and active influx. They are characteristic of internal mechanism, profit-seeking, blindness, disorder, instability and spirit of times. The reasons for the farm worker flow include collaborative effect between policies in the places where they flow from and flow into, economic interests, social relations, farming environment, market transportation and the population themselves. There are new tendencies for farm workers to continue cultivating land for other people,go home to do farm work, work in factories and manage other industries. Strengthening the flow directions is the requirement to fulfill the government＇s duties, keep the harmony of society, save circulation cost, optimize labor allocation in rural areas, safeguard social justice and the farm workers＇ rights. Government should lead reasonable circulation of farm workers by perfecting relevant system, protecting the rights of farm workers, improving fusion of this group into the society, and improving the service to them.