国家南极科考单船医疗保障的实践与探讨

Practice and Thinking of Medical Support during Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition

目的南极科考的医疗保障远不同于一般的卫勤保障,本文旨在总结第30次中国南极科考期间单船、单人医疗保障的方法和效果。方法出发前加强采取保障军医的体能训练、专业技能的培训、制定保障方案、制定队员健康档案等措施,科考过程中根据科考不同阶段的条件特点针对性地进行疾病宣教、定期体检和日常诊疗工作。结果通过进行针对性的专业训练,提高了保障军医的远洋和极寒气候条件下的医疗保障能力。坚持预防为主、防治结合的工作方针,科考期间累计门诊量532例次,完成各类手术20例,无传染病暴发、无一例队员发生疾病相关并发症,圆满完成南极科考的医疗保障任务。结论充分的出发前准备、过硬的专业技能和合理的保障策略是完成任务的保证。

Objective The medical support of the Antarctic expedition is quite different from that of the military actions. The objective of this study is to evaluate medical support of the 30th Chinese Antarctic research expedition. Methods Physical training, professional skill training, the development of medical support programs, and health records of team members were finished before departure. Health education, regular physical examination and routine medical work according to the characteristics of different expedition stage were performed. Results Through professional training, medical officer＇s service support capability was improved. The total outpatients treat- ment were 532, and 20 surgical operations were carried out. By following the guideline of prevention first and pre- vention and treatment combination, no infectious disease, severe injury and complications occurred during the 30th Chinese Antarctic research expedition. Conclusions Adequate preparation, steady professional skills, and reason-able medical strategy are the guarantees to complete the mission.