地理学空间研究的转向:从自然到社会、现实到虚拟

Turns of Geography Space Research:From Natural Space to Social Space and Realistic Space to Virtual Space

在介绍地理空间内涵与学科内分异的基础上,重点介绍了地理学空间研究的两个转向,即从自然空间转向社会空间、从现实空间转向虚拟空间。研究表明:地理空间是一个相对明确的概念,但其内涵也在不断发展之中,特别是在人文地理学从自然地理学中分离出来以后;地理学三大分支所关注的地理空间差别极大,其中自然地理学对应自然空间,人文地理学对应社会空间,地理信息科学对应地理信息空间;地理学空间研究的第一个转向是由自然空间转向社会空间,其包括地理空间研究重点的转变以及对空间本质认知的转变两方面;地理学空间研究的第二个转向是由现实空间转向虚拟空间,这里的虚拟空间包括感知空间和网络空间;地理空间由自然向社会的转向反映了与人类发展的同步性,而由现实向虚拟的转向则反映了与技术进步的一致性。

At the basic of introducing the connotation of the geographic space and the spatial differentiation within geographical science,this paper introduces two turns in geography space research with emphasis that are from natural space to social space and realistic space to virtual space.The research indicated that geographic space is a relatively clear concept,but its connotation is also in constant development,especially after human geography separated from the physical geography.The differences in studying geographical space among the three big branches of geographical science are enormous,among them,physical geography studies natural space,human geography studies social space and geographic information science studies geographic information space.The first turn of geography space research is from natural space to social space,which includes the turn of geographic space research focus,and the turn of space properties cognition.The second turn of geography space research is from realistic space to virtual space.The virtual space here includes both perceptional space and cyberspace.The turn of geography space research from nature to society reflects the synchrony with human development,and the turn of geography space research from reality to virtuality reflects the conformance with technical progress.