长春地区儿童急性呼吸道感染病原体分析

Analysis on pathogens in children with acute respiratory tract infection in Changchun

目的：了解2012年3月-2013年3月长春地区儿童急性呼吸道感染的病原体种类和流行特点。方法：用间接免疫荧光法对2012年3月-2013年3月1 278例急性呼吸道感染患儿进行嗜肺军团菌、肺炎支原体（MP）、肺炎衣原体（CP）、Q热立克次体（COX）、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、腺病毒（ADV）、甲型流感病毒（INF A）、乙型流感病毒（INF B）、副流感病毒（PIV）等9种病原体Ig M抗体的检测。结果：1278例标本中,636例至少1种病原体抗体阳性,阳性率为49.77%,肺炎支原体阳性率最高为21.36%,其次为乙型流感病毒9.62%和呼吸道合胞病毒8.06%;混合感染167例,占26.26%;各年龄组（≤1、1-3、3-6、6-14岁）阳性率分别为32.16%、41.14%、34.87%、30.34%,组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：2012年3月-2013年3月长春地区儿童急性呼吸道感染以肺炎支原体、乙型流感病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒为主,混合感染以肺炎支原体合并乙型流感病毒或呼吸道合胞病毒的感染多见,各种病原体感染在不同年龄组中存在差异。

Objective： To understand the species and epidemic characteristics of pathogens in children with acute respiratory tract infection in Changchun from March 2012 to March 2013. Methods： Indirect immunofluoreseence assay was used to detect IgM antibodies of Legionella pneumonia, Mycoplasma pneumonia （ MP）, Chlamydia pneumonia （ CP）, Q fever pickettsia （ COX ）, Respiratory syncytial virus （RSV）, Adenovirus （ADV）, Influenza A virus （INF A）, Influenza B virus （INF B） and Parainfluenza virus （PIV） in 1 278 children with acute respiratory tract infection in Changchun from March 2012 to March 2013. Results： Among 1 278 children, 636 children were found with at least one positive pathogen antibody, the positive rate was 49. 77%. The positive rate of MP was the highest （21.36%）, followed by INF B （9. 62% ） and RSV （8.06%） ; 167 children were found with mixed infection, accounting for 26. 26% ; the positive rates in children aged ≤〈1, 1 -3, 3 -6 and 6 -14 years old were 32. 16%, 41.14%, 34. 87% and 30. 34%, respectively, there were statistically significant differences among different age groups （P 〈 0. 05） . Conclusion： The major pathogens of acute respiratory tract infection in children in Changchun from March 2012 to March 2013 were MP, INF B and RSV. The common pathogens of mixed infection were MP combined with INF B or RSV. There were significant differences in positive rates of pathogens among different age groups.