基于激光扫描的焊缝成形尺寸测量

Measurement of Welding Formation Size Based on Laser Line Scanning

提出了一种基于激光扫描获取焊缝成形尺寸的视觉测量方法.搭建了一套焊缝表面成形视觉成像系统并进行系统标定;实时采集投射激光条纹的焊缝视觉图像,采用中值滤波、二值化分割、骨络化和形态学图像处理方法实现了图像中线激光条纹的提取和细化;以细化的条纹图像为信息源来表征焊缝成形轮廓,并建立了焊缝宽度和焊缝长度的检测算法.实测结果表明,所提出的激光条纹辅助视觉测量方法能够实现焊缝成形尺寸的非接触自动测量,测定的焊缝宽度及焊缝长度可以满足焊缝成形表征的需求.

A method for visual measurement was proposed to acquire welding formation sizes based on laser line scanning. A visual system for detecting welding formation was developed and simultaneously calibra- ted, based on which, images of welding formation and laser stripe which were cast on the surface of weld were captured in real time. And extracting and thinning of laser stripes in the image were accomplished by means of a series of image pre-processing methods, such as median filtering, threshold segmentation, skel- etonization and morphological processing. The laser stripe being made as information source, the outline of weld forming was revealed exactly, based on which, a series of algorithms for real time detection of the width and length of weld were established. The measured results show that visual measurement method ai- ded by laser stripe can acquire the width and length of weld automatically, and the measured width and length of weld can meet the demand of weld formation evaluation.