中澳体育教师教育文化体制对比分析

A Comparative Analysis of the P.E. Teacher Cultivation System between China and Australia

运用对比分析和个案分析的方法,选择中国及澳大利亚的部分师范院校与教育学院作为个案,对中国和澳洲的体育教师教育文化体制进行比较研究,从体育教师教育的理念、目标、内容、管理体制等角度,深入剖析中澳体育教师教育文化的联系与区别,研究结果表明:澳大利亚的体育教师教育理念,强调体育教师的教育性而非体育专业性,澳大利亚的体育教师教育体系目标,是培养全科式的教师,而非单一的"体育教师"。在此基础上,澳大利亚体育教师教育课程的内容体系就围绕全科式教师而设立,此外,澳洲学生参与讨论及体育活动的过程都作为一种学习内容,这与我国将体育知识、运动技术作为固化的学习内容有区别。文章通过对比认为,澳洲体育教师教育的层级管理体制对我国体育教师教育体制具有良好借鉴作用,并针对中澳体育教师体制的对比反思提出了相应的策略建议。

By using comparative analysis, this paper chooses some normal universities and educational institutions in China and Australia as cases. The authors compare the system of Physical Education Teachers Education （PETE） between Australia and China and analyze the similarities and the differences in PETE ideas, aims, contents and management in the system of PETE. The research results show that the Australian sports teacher education concept emphasizes the education of physical education teachers and non professional sports. The objective of teacher education system of sports in Australia is to train general-type teachers, rather than ＂physical education-only teachers＂. On this basis, the content system of PE teacher education courses in Australia revolves around general-type teachers and the establishment of the process. In addition, in Australia, students＇ participation in the discussion and sports activities is also looked upon as part of the learning content. This is different from our country in which sports technical knowledge is treated as learning content. The article argues that there is something to the hierarchical management of Australian education that can be applied in physical education teacher development system in China. At the end of the paper, the authors put forward corresponding strategies and suggestions.