余华小说母题类型探析

The Discussion of Motif Type in Yu Hua's Novels

余华早期以他对暴力、苦难的自然主义描述和看似漫不经心的叙述态度在读者心中留下了特有的"余华标签",之后以《在细雨中呼喊》为界,余华的小说创作逐渐进入一个新的建构形式和人文境界。但是运用俄国托马舍夫斯基关于母题分类理论探析余华小说后,发现其无论怎样改头换面,"弑父"、"宿命"、"肢解"这些先锋标签都如影随形,余华就是从这些角度窥探世界,表达自己所见和理解;同时这些母题类型也处于不断的变化重构之中,后期随着客观态度的偏移,人文感情的投注,与先锋渐行渐远,反而与时代主题共鸣产生了暧昧不明的游离关系,人文内涵更加蕴藉。

Yuhua labeled his early works with the unique naturalistic description of violence and suffering as well as a seemingly casual narrative attitude. Afterwards, with the novel SHOUTING IN THE DRIZZLE as the dividing line, Yuhua＇ s novel creation enters into a new realm of humanism with a new form of construction. Yet analyzing his novels through Tomaszewski＇ s classified theory, it＇ s found that whatever types his novels are, ＂patri- cide＂, fatality, and ＂dismemberment＂ such pioneers tags always follow with. Yuhua goes in quest of truth of the world, expressing his knowledge and understanding in this way of Motif type writing, which is in the continuous change of refactor. With the deviation of objective attitude, devotion of humanism, Yuhua＇ s later works drift away from the so -called pioneer trend, but have kind of dubious and free connection with time theme with much pro- founder connotation of humanism.