德国“双轨制”应用科技大学对中国高等教育的借鉴意义

The referential significance of the “dual- education- system”universities of applied sciences in Germany for the higher education in China

目前德国的高等院校主要分为综合性大学、应用科技大学、艺术音乐学院、私立和教会学校这几种类型。德国的应用科技大学的学生实际上有两个教学地点,一个是在大学校园,另一个是在公司企业。这就是享誉世界的德国应用科技大学的"双轨制"教学。应用科技大学定位非常明确,注重实践教学,为社会培养高素质的应用型人才。"双师型"的教师队伍,企业参与并主导实践教学,严格的评估认证和监管机制,发展迅速的国际化等鲜明而又突出的特色,对我国许多高等院校和绝大多数专业尤其是向应用技术类型转型的高等学校和专业具有重要的借鉴意义。

At present, German＇ s Higher Education can be divided into the following types, University, Fachhochschule, college of art and music, private school and church school. There are actually two teaching places for the Fachhochschule students, one is the school campus, the other one is enterprise, which is the world famous German ＂dual system＂ teaching. The achhochschules have very clear orientation and focus on practical study so as to raise up high qualified applied technology talents for the society. The ＂dual teaching＂ staff, enterprises taken part in and guidance in the teaching, strict assessment and supervision system, fast developing internationali- zation and other outstanding features in the German ＂dual system＂ education have great referential significance in Chinese higher education and most of the Chinese college majors, especially the applied - science - oriented transition Chinese institutions of higher learning.