护士心理授权状况与工作倦怠的相关性分析

Correlation analysis between nurse’ s mental authorization status and job burnout

目的：了解护士的心理授权现状和工作倦怠情况，分析两者间的相关性，探索预防和降低护士工作倦怠的新对策。方法整群抽取广州5家三甲医院的临床护士203人，采用心理授权量表及工作倦怠量表进行调查。结果护士的心理授权感知得分（4．75±0．67）分，为中等水平；其中自我效能得分最高为（5．34±0．73）分，工作影响得分最低为（3．64±0．11）分；护士有较严重的工作倦怠，其中个人成就感丧失维度（3．83±0．62）分，情绪枯竭维度（2．96±0．81）分，去人格化倾向维度（1．89±0．84）分；护士心理授权感知与工作倦怠关系密切，与情绪枯竭、去人格化倾向、个人成就感各维度呈负相关（r值分别为－0．436，－0．366，0．514；P＜0．01）。结论临床护士的心理授权处于中等水平，临床护理管理者应加强护士对心理授权的感知，以降低工作倦怠感的产生。

Objective To understand the mental authorization status and job burnout for domestic nursesandanalyze the correlation between them, and to explore new strategies to prevent and reduce nurse job burnout.Methods There were 203 clinical nursesinvolved, who were chosen from 5 first-class leveltop first class hospitals in Guangzhou, using mental authorized scale and job burnout scale questionnaires made by ourselves to investigate the basic information, psychological empowerment and job burnout.Results Perception of nurses’ mental authorizationachieved （4.75 ±0.67） （the medium level）, while self-efficacy acquired the highest score （5.34 ±0.73） compared work effectiongained the lowest one （3.64 ±0.11）.The nurses had suffered severe burnout, which performed asloss of personal accomplishment dimension （3.83 ±0.62）, emotional exhaustion dimension （2.96 ±0.81） and depersonalization tendency dimensions （1.89 ±0.84）;nurses perceived psychological empowerment and job burnout had negative correlation with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization tendencies, personal accomplishment dimension （ r = -0.436, -0.366, 0.514, respectively;P＆lt;0.01）.Working influence had less correlation with job burnout dimensions, especially with the dimension of depersonalization work and job burnout dimensions affect the correlation was not obvious, especially with the tendency to personify no correlation dimension （r=-0.094,P〈0.05）.Conclusions The mental authorizationof clinical nurses just acquires middle level;hence, clinical nursing managers should enhance nurse＆#39;s mental authorizationto release job burnout.