手足口病肠道病毒阳性检出率的相关因素分析

The related factors on positive rate of enterovirus in HFMD

目的了解手足口病病原阳性检出率的相关因素。方法在2011年4月-2013年11月,通过监测哨点医院收集全市手足口病病例的咽拭子和血清标本1 522人份,并填写病例相关基本信息,采用荧光定量RT-PCR方法对标本进行核酸检测,分析肠道病毒阳性检出率的相关因素。结果 1 522人份标本中,肠道病毒阳性927份,其中EV71阳性379份,Cox A16阳性137份,其他肠道病毒阳性411份,总阳性率为60.9%。咽拭子标本的阳性率(61.37%)高于血清(28.81%),发病3 d内的标本阳性率(62.81%)高于3 d以上的标本(52.04%),岛内(66.71%)和近岛(65.69%)医院的标本阳性率高于岛外(44.47%)医院,随着发病年龄的增加,阳性检出率先升高后下降。结论标本类型、标本采集时间、医院地理位置、患者年龄与肠道病毒阳性检出率相关。

Objective To investigate the related factors contributing to positive rate of enterovirus which result in Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease（HFMD）.Methods During April 2011 to November 2013,1 522 samples of HFMD cases were collected from all surveillance hospitals,including throat swabs and serum specimen,and related information was recorded.Realtime RT-PCR was applied to detect the nucleic acid of enterovirus and related factors on positive rate of enterovirus was analyzed.Results 927 samples of 1 522 were found to have enterovirus DNA,included 379 samples of EV71,136 samples of Cox A16 and411 samples of other enterovirus,the positive rate was 60.9%,of which throat swabs（61.37%） were higher than serums（28.81%）,samples within three days of onset（62.81%） were higher than those collected after three days of onset（52.04%）,hospitals in the main island（66.71%） and adjacent areas（65.69%） was higher than that of hospitals in rural area（44.47%）,the corresponding rate among was first up then down with the increasing of patient age.Conclusion Sample type,the collection time of samples,hospital location and patient age are the related factors on positive rate of enterovirus.