2013年中部某地区农村饮用水中氯化物、硫酸盐、硝酸盐的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of chlorides,sulfates and nitrates in rural drinking water of central China in 2013

目的了解中部某地区农村饮用水水质氯化物、硫酸盐、硝酸盐的分布特征及变化趋势,对中部某地区农村饮用水水质进行评价,促进农村生活饮用水的安全。方法依据《生活饮用水卫生标准检验方法》(GB5750.5-2006)对某地区10个不同的区域水样采集、保存、运输并检验,结果判定依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)。结果该地区不同区域的氯化物、硫酸盐含量差异有统计学意义(χ2分别为:267.8、275.8,P均<0.05),分布特征具有一定规律性,各区域氯化物、硫酸盐总体上符合国家卫生标准,但有部分水样超标;不同区域的硝酸盐含量差异有统计学意义(χ2=159.2,P<0.05),其中有4个区域超标,并且区域D全部超标。结论中部某地区各区域氯化物、硫酸盐总体上符合国家卫生标准,部分超标,且两者在不同区域的变化存在一致性;硝酸盐超标区域较多。有关部门应加强监测,并努力提高水源质量,促进农村居民饮用水安全。

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and trends of chlorides,sulfates,nitrates in rural drinking water of central China,evaluate its quality and promote its safety.Methods Water samples from 10 regions were collected,stored,transported and examined according to ＂Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water＂（GB5750.5-2006）,and the results were assessed according to＂Standards for Drinking Water Quality＂（GB5749-2006）.Results There was a significant difference between the contents of chloride and sulfate in rural drinking water from different areas（χ2= 267.8,P 0.05;χ2= 275.8,P 0.05）.The distribution of them existed some regularity,and most of the samples were accorded with the national standards,but some of the samples exceeded the standards.There was a significant difference in the contents of nitrate too（χ^2= 159.2,P 0.05）,Some of the samples from four regions exceeded the national standards,among them,the samples from region D all exceeded the national standards.Conclusion The contents of chloride and sulfate of rural drinking water in certral China were accorded with national standards generally,but some samples exceeded the standards.The content change of chloride and sulfate in different areas were consistent.The nitrate exceeded the standards in more regions than other two analytes.The relevant departments should strengthen the hygiene supervision and take effort to improve the water quality,and promote rural drinking water safety.