高危新生儿视网膜出血1463例临床分析

Clinical analysis of retinal hemorrhage in 1463 cases of high- risk infants

目的:观察高危新生儿视网膜出血的发生情况,探讨其相关危险因素。方法:用广域数字化眼底成像系统(RetCamⅡ)对2012-10/2014-04入住新生儿科的1 463例高危新生儿进行眼底检查。结果:高危新生儿1 463例中,视网膜出血381例(26.04%)。556例足月儿中视网膜出血82例(14.75%),907例早产儿中视网膜出血181例(19.96%)。从自体因素看,新生儿窒息、新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病、颅内出血者视网膜出血发生率高。从母体因素看,妊娠高血压综合症者视网膜出血发生率高。结论:高危新生儿的视网膜出血发生率为26.04%,新生儿窒息、新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病、颅内出血、妊娠高血压综合症是视网膜出血的可能危险因素。

AIM： To investigate the related factors of the retinal hemorrhage in high-risk infants. METHODS： RetCam Ⅱ device was used to examine the ocular fundus in 1463 cases of high-risk infants in our hospital from October 2012 to April 2014. RESULTS： In 1463 cases of high-risk infants, retinal hemorrhage was found in 381 infants （26. 04%）. In 556 cases of fullterm newborns, retinal hemorrhage in 82 cases accounted for 14.75%. 181 cases of 907 premature infants were retinal hemorrhage, accounting for 19.96%. From self factor, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and intracranial hemorrhage had high incidence in retinal hemorrhage. From the maternal factors, pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome have a high incidence of retinal hemorrhage. CONCLUSION： The incidence of retinal hemorrhage in high risk infant was 26.04%. Neonatal asphyxia, neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy , intracranial hemorrhage and pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome may play roles of risk factor in retinal hemorrhage of high-risk infants.