薄层研究方法综述

Review of thin layer studies

薄层的厚度大小、横向连通性以及边界位置的确定日益成为岩性地震勘探研究的重点,但薄层研究进展情况尚缺乏系统的总结.因此,本文从薄层的研究对象、正演模拟方法、时频分析方法、厚度预测方法四个方面内容进行归纳总结.得到以下结论与认识:反射波频谱变化规律是薄层分析的关键,业已建立起反射波峰值频率或陷频频率与薄层厚度的定量关系;从研究手段上看,波动方程正演模拟可以真实地反映地震波在传播过程中的动力学特性,模拟后的地震波场信息更加丰富、更加真实;薄层分析手段从单纯的时域、频域分析发展到时频分析,注重反射波频谱的瞬时特性;薄层波场特征的变化规律从单纯的定性分析逐步向定量预测方向发展.

The thickness,lateral connectivity and boundary position of the thin layer are increasingly becoming the focus of lithologic seismic exploration,but the recent progress on thin layer have less systematic summary.Therefore,four aspects of thin layer research relating to research subject,forward modeling method,time-frequency analysis method,thickness prediction method are summarized.The following conclusions show that spectrum variation regularity of reflected wave is the key to thin layer analysis.A quantitative relationship between the peak frequency or notches frequency and thin layer thickness has already established. Wave equation forward modeling can reflect the dynamic characteristics of seismic wave in the propagation process,so the simulated wave field information is more rich and real.Analytical tools of reflected wave field are from time domain,frequency domain analysis to the time-frequency analysis and temporal characteristics of the reflected wave spectrum are took more attention.Thus wave field characteristics of thin layer are gradually evolved from a simple qualitative analysis to quantitative prediction direction.