电子线路板粉末浸出液重金属含量分析及其饲养斑马鱼前后鱼体内镍铬水平的变化

Content analysis of heavy metals in the leachate of ECB powder and the content of nickel and chrome in Zebra fish fed by ECB powder

目的通过分析电子线路板粉末中主要重金属成分的含量及其浸出液中重金属含量,分析其中可溶性重金属盐类所占的比重,同时通过动物实验初步探讨该废弃物溶出液饲养斑马鱼后镍镉在斑马鱼体内变化的情况。方法通过原子吸收分光光度法分析并对比电子线路板粉末和浸出液中铜、铅、锌、镉、镍、铬、铁、锰的含量,初步分析该粉末中重金属的溶出情况及对水体可能的影响。通过对不同剂量浸出液饲养的斑马鱼体内镍铬含量的分析,探讨其在斑马鱼体内变化的情况。结果电子线路板粉末中含量最高的前3位金属分别是铜、铅和铁,分别达64.1、55.6和25.8 mg/kg;金属铬未被检出。浸出液中含量最高的前3位金属分别是铜、锰和镉,其含量分别达1.440、0.322和0.088 mg/L。在实验室饲养斑马鱼中,虽然对照组、低剂量组和中剂量组检测结果有一些不同,但其差异无统计学意义。结论电子线路板拆解废弃物中铜、锰、镉溶出量较高,应在现场监测中重点关注。用一定浓度的浸出液饲养斑马鱼体,其体内的镍铬水平基本无变化。

[Objective]To analysis the proportion of the soluble heavy metal salts in electronic circuit boards（ ECB） powder by measuring the heavy metal content of the leachate and ECB powder,and preliminary discuss the distribution of nickel and chrome in Zebra fish through animal experiments. [Methods]The content of copper,lead,zinc,cadmium,nickel,chrome,iron,manganese in the ECB powder and digested liquid were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The possible impact of leaching of heavy metals from ECB powder on water was preliminarily analyzed. The distribution of nickel and chrome in Zebra fish was investigated by measuring the content of them in Zebra fish fed by different doses of ECB powder leachate. [Results]The top 3 highest content of metals in ECB powder were copper,lead and iron,the concentrations were 64. 1 mg / kg,55. 6 m / kg and 25. 8 mg / kg,respectively,chromium was not detected. the top 3 highest content of metals in leachate were copper,manganese and cadmium,the concentrations were 1. 440 mg / L,0. 322 mg / L and 0. 088 m / L,respectively. Although there was fluctuation of content in Zebra fish fed with high,medium and low doses of ECB powder in laboratory,but no significant difference was found. [Conclusion]Due to the high level of copper,manganese and cadmium in ECB dismantling waste,they should be focused in environmental monitoring. There is no significant difference of nickel and chrome level between Zebra fish fed with different concentration of leachate.