陕北地区中学生体质健康与生活方式调查

Investigation on physical health and lifestyle of middle school students in Northern Shaanxi

目的对陕北地区中学生体质健康与生活方式进行调查,探讨中学生的体质健康情况及影响中学生生活方式的因素。方法采用问卷调查、数理统计等方法,对所获得数据进行统计分析。结果男女生肺活量明显高于全国平均水平;男女生血压情况与全国学生同年龄组持平,没有明显差异,而且也都是在标准血压范围内;2013年陕北地区中学生男女生平均身高、体重与2010年全国统计数据比较具有差异,其中男生身高分别高于全国平均值,女生低于全国平均值。而男女生体重却都高于全国平均水平;陕北地区中学生在柔韧性方面指标高于全国平均水平;而50 m成绩两者均低于全国平均水平;立定跳远成绩男生略低于全国平均水平,女生低于全国平均水平。课余生活中上网或者娱乐,男生占38.5%,女生占49.1%;70%以上的学生睡眠不充分,1/2以上学生早餐不规律。结论该地区中学生的身体形态发育由于生活水平的提高而有所提高,身体功能和身体素质部分呈上升的趋势,下肢暴发力指标呈下滑的趋势。课业负担较重、上学时间早、休息时间晚、不能合理安排课余时间是影响学生体质的主要因素。

[Objective]To investigate the physical health and lifestyle of middle school students in Northern Shaanxi,explore the status of physical health of middle school students,and analyze the factors that influence students＇ lifestyle. [Methods]By using the questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics,the data were analyzed statistically. [Results]The vital capacity levels of boys and girls were significantly higher than the national average levels. The blood pressure of boys and girls maintained at the same level as the national data of the same age group,which were within the scope of the standard blood pressure,and there were no significant differences. Compared with the national data in 2010,the boys and girls in middle schools in Northern Shaanxi showed the different results in average height and weight in 2013,which the height levels of boys were higher than the national average levels,and height levels of girls were lower than the national average levels,while weight levels of boys and girls were higher than the national average levels. The results of flexibility indexes among middle school students in Northern Shaanxi were higher than the national average levels. The results of 50-meter running among boys and girls were lower than the national average levels,and the results of standing long jump in boys were slightly lower than the national average levels,while those in girls were lower than the national average levels. 38. 5% of boys and 49. 1% of girls spent time on the internet and entertainment after school life. More than 70% of the students did not get enough sleep,and over half of students did not eat breakfast regularly. [Conclusion]The physical morphology development of middle school students in Northern Shaanxi has improved due to the improvement of living standard,with the ascendant trend of physical function,and the declining trend of some physical quality indexes,such as explosive force of lower limbs.The main influencing factors of students＇ physique include the heavy academic burden,early school time,late rest time,and unreasonable arrangements of free time.