唐山市自闭症儿童家长的心理健康状况调查

Investigation on psychological health status among parents of children with autism in Tangshan City

目的了解自闭症儿童家长的心理健康状况,分析自闭症儿童家长心理压力形成的原因,提出改善自闭症儿童家长心理健康的措施,为该特定人群的心理评估和心理保健工作提供依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和综合生活质量量表(GQOLI)对唐山市部分自闭症儿童家长40人进行调查,并进行相关分析。结果自闭症儿童家长的总分及各因子分均高于常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。自闭症儿童家长的心理状况主要表现在焦虑、抑郁、躯体化、强迫、敌对、人际关系和偏执等方面。自闭症儿童家长心理压力与躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活4个维度及生活质量总体评价均呈显著负相关。结论自闭症儿童家长的心理健康状况和生活质量明显差于一般人群,在对自闭症儿童给予关爱和治疗的同时,也要关注自闭症儿童家长的身心健康。

[Objective]To investigate the psychological health status of autism children＇ parents,analyze the causes of their mental pressure,put forward the measures to improve their mental health,and provide more evidences for the psychological assessment and mental health care in this population. [Methods]40 parents of children with autism in Tangshan City were investigated with the Self-reporting Inventory（ SCL-90） and General Quality of Life Inventory（ GQOLI）,and the results were analyzed. [Results]The total scores and every factor scores of autism children＇ parents were significantly higher than those of the national norm（ P 〈0. 01）.The psychological problems in parents of children with autism mainly included anxiety,depression,somatization,obsession,hostility,interpersonal relationship sensitivity and paranoid. The mental pressure of autism children＇ parents was significantly negatively correlated to the overall evaluation of the quality of life,and four dimensions,including physical function,psychological function,social function and material life. [Conclusion]Compared with the general population,the parents of children with autism have worse status of psychological health and quality of life. While focusing on the care and treatment of children with autism,it is necessary to pay attention to the physical and mental health of their parents.