不同施肥处理对战骨生长特性和生物量的影响研究

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Growth Characteristics and Medicinal Biomass of Premna fulva

【目的】为提高战骨(Premna fulva)的产量与质量,研究基肥和追施化肥对战骨生长特性及生物量的影响,以期为战骨生产中的合理施肥提供理论依据。【方法】采用随机区组设计方法,在大田种植条件下研究了不同基肥(鸡粪、猪粪、牛粪、火土、鸡粪+猪粪、鸡粪+牛粪、鸡粪+火土、猪粪+牛粪、猪粪+火土、牛粪+火土)、追肥种类(磷肥、钾肥、尿素、复合肥)、追肥量(20g/株、40g/株、60g/株)和追肥次数(1次、2次、3次)对战骨生长特性和生物量的影响。【结果】4种单一基肥中,鸡粪处理后植株的基径、株高、冠幅、茎重和根重都较大;两种基肥混合处理的植株长势和生物量优于猪粪、牛粪和火土3种单一基肥处理;火土和猪粪处理的基径、株高、冠幅、茎重和根重值较大;追肥以复合肥效果最好;追加钾肥和磷肥处理的植株生长指标和生物量较差。【结论】基肥以火土+猪粪(1∶1);追肥以施用复合肥,施用量为40g/株,追肥3次,战骨的产量最高。

Objective]Effects of different fertilization treatments on growth characteristics and medicinal biomass of Premna fulva were discussed in order to provide a theory basis for ra-tional fertilization of Premna fulva production,and yield and quality improvment.[Methods]A field randomized block experiment was used to analyze effects of different basal fertilizer (chicken manure,pig manure,cattle manure,ash soil,chicken manure+pig manure,chicken manure+cattle manure,chicken manure+ash soil,pig manure+cattle manure,pig manure+ash soil and cattle manure+ash soil),different additional fertilization (phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer,carbamide and compound fertilizer),volume (20g/plant,40g/plant,60g/plant)and times of fertilization (once,twice and three times)on Premnafulva growth index and yield.[Results]The ground diameter,plant height and plant crown of Premnafulva trea-ted with chicken manure were higher than pig manure,cattle manure and ash soil.Premna fulva treated with mixed base fertilizer were significantly higher than treated with other treatments.Growth index and yield of Premna fulva treated with pig manure+ash soil was the largest.The differences of Premna fulva treate with phosphate fertilizer,potassium fer-tilizer,carbamide,compound fertilizer were significant.The growth index and medicinal bio-mass yields of Premna fulva seedlings treated with compound fertilizer are the highest.[Con-clusion]The optimal yield of Premna fulva can be reached by soil pig manure+ash soil as basal fertilizer with adding 40g per seeding and three times compound fertilizer.