识字有规律吗?——有关小学识字及其规律的几点思考

Some Thoughts about Primary School Literacy and Its Law

本文探讨了识字的界定及识字规律的问题。本文提出,所谓识字,就是将文字的形音义三者之间在识字者头脑中,建立正确、稳定和自动化的联系;提出了五条识字规律,即"权威性字形、字音和字义配对律""新旧元素交织律""语境及其意义支撑律""经验及其经验背景支撑律"和"运用反复律"。本文指出:识字教学的正确方向,是识字为识词服务,是扩展学生的词汇;积极词汇的拥有量,才是衡量识字教学成功与否的根本标准。

This paper discusses the definition and the law of literacy. The author first defines literacy as to establish a correct, steady andautomatic link among the shape, the pronunciation and the meaning of Chinese characters. Based on this definition, the author put forwardfive laws of literacy, namely to establish a correct link among the shape, the pronunciation and the meaning of Chinese characters fromthe authority; to learn new characters based on familiar ones; to get better learning effects by understanding Chinese characters in specificcontexts; to consider the previous experiences of the students; to provide chances for students to use new characters again and again. As aconclusion, the correct direction of literacy teaching is to enlarge the vocabulary of the students. And the amount of positive vocabulary is thefundamental measure of literacy teaching.