低阶煤粉煤热解提质技术研究现状及发展建议

Research status and development proposals on pyrolysis techniques of low rank pulverized coal

为改善低阶煤煤质、提高其利用经济性和安全性,阐述了国内外主流的低阶煤粉煤热解提质技术的工艺特点及研究进展,分析了低阶煤粉煤热解提质技术存在的问题,并对低阶煤粉煤热解提质工艺的发展进行了展望。结果表明:粉煤热解一般采用固体热载体热解工艺,具有加热速度快、焦油产量高、热解煤气热值高等优点,是解决大量粉煤利用的关键技术之一。针对粉煤热解工艺存在的关键技术未实现突破、经济效益差、焦油品质难以有效控制、废水处理难度大等问题,提出未来应从实现热解关键技术突破、优选热解反应器、开发热解产品深加工技术、研发可提高焦油产率和改善焦油品质的新工艺、开发新型焦油分离和回收技术、开发含有机物废水的处理方法、开发具有高能源转化效率的多联产工艺等7方面进行粉煤热解提质技术的研究。

The research progress and characteristics of the domestic and international mainstream pulverized coal pyrolysis upgrading tech-nologies were introduced in details in order to improve the quality,economy and security of low rank coal.The technical problems existed were analyzed and developing suggestions were proposed for the low rank pulverized coal pyrolysis upgrading technology.The results showed that it was one of the key technologies to use solid heat carrier pyrolysis process for pulverized coal utilization,which have the advantages of high heating speed,high tar yield and calorific value.Due to the issues such as key technical deficiency,low economic efficiency,big tar quality fluctuation and difficult waste water treatment,the research in future should focus on the fields of key technical breakthrough,pyrol-ysis reactor optimization,pyrolysis products deep processing and utilization,tar yields and tar quality improvement,tar separation and re-covery technology,organic waste water treatment and poly-generation technology with high energy conversion efficiency.