听觉靶和非靶刺激序列听觉诱发相关电位与年龄的相关性

Correlation between auditory event-related potentials to an oddball task and age in healthy adults

目的 探讨健康成年人随增龄听觉诱发相关电位（AERPs）的变化特征,分析AERPs与年龄的相关性,为临床诊断随增龄的认知相关疾病提供依据. 方法 对健康成年人按青年组、中年组和老年组各30例进行听觉靶/非靶刺激序列（oddball模式）AERPS检测,测量Cz点记录的P50、N100和P200波的潜伏期和波幅,Pz点记录的N200和P300波的潜伏期和波幅,分析上述指标与年龄的相关性. 结果 3组组间反应时比较差异无统计学意义,分别为青年组（519.33±33.65）ms、中年组（521.52±39.81）ms和老年组（531.46±43.26） ms（F=1.89,P=0.107）.与青年组比较,中年组P50波幅增大[（2.03±0.31）μV比（1.83±0.23）μV,t=2.17,P=0.032],P300潜伏期延长[（343.17±30.70）ms比（323.54±24.56）ms,t=2.23,P=0.028],P300波幅降低[（13.88±3.15）μV比（15.62上2.12）μV,t＝2.35,P＝0.018],差异有统计学意义;与中年组比较,老年组P50波幅增大[（2.39±0.40）μV比（2.03±0.31）μV,t=4.73,P=0.000],N200潜伏期延长[（222.16±29.40）ms比（206.04±28.98）ms,t=2.12,P=0.039],P300潜伏期延长,波幅降低[（373.83±45.90） ms比（343.17±30.70）ms,t=5.12,P=0.000;（10.68±4.16） μV比（13.88±3.15）μV,t=4.95,P=0.000],差异有统计学意义;其余各波潜伏期和波幅比较差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）.以所有受试者为研究对象结果显示,P50波幅、P300潜伏期均与年龄呈正相关（r=0.67、0.64,均P＝0.000）;青年组、中年组和老年组P50波幅年平均增长速度分别为0.008 μV/年、0.012 μV/年和0.016 μV/年,P300潜伏期年平均增长速度分别为0.917 ms/年、1.148 ms/年和1.715 ms/年. 结论 健康成年人AERPs的P50波幅和P300潜伏期与年龄相关,且随增龄P50波幅逐渐增高,P300潜伏期逐渐变长,在老年人中呈加速变化.

Objective To investigate the relationship between auditory event-related potentials to an oddball task and age in healthy adults,in order to provide the basis for the clinical diagnosis of age-related cognitive diseases.Methods 90 subjects were examined by auditory event-related potentials to an oddball task,and divided into normal young adults,middle-aged and elderly groups （n =30,each group）.We measured the wave latencies and amplitude of P50,N100 and P200 wave recorded at the Cz points,and those of N200 and P300 wave at the Pz point.The correlations of the above indicators with age were analyzed.Results The reaction times were （519.33±33.65） ms in youth group,（521.52±39.81） ms in middle age group and （531.46±43.26） ms in elderly group.There were no statistically differences in reaction times among the 3 groups（F=1.89,P=0.107）.Compared with the youth group,P50 amplitudes were increased [（2.03±0.31） μV vs.（1.83±0.23） μV,t=2.17,P＝ 0.032],P300 latencies were prolonged [（343.17 ± 30.70） ms vs.（323.54 ± 24.56） ms,t=2.23,P=0.028],P300 amplitudes were decreased [（13.88±3.15） μV vs.（15.62± 2.12） μV,t=2.35,P＝0.018] in the middlc-aged group.Compared with the middle-aged group,the elderly group showed that P50 amplitudes were increased [（2.39±0.40） μV vs.（2.03±0.31） μV,t =4.73,P=0.000],N200latencies were prolonged [（222.16±29.40） ms vs.（206.04±28.98） ms,t=2.12,P=0.039],P300 latencies were prolonged and amplitudes were decreased [（373.83 ± 45.90）ms vs.（343.17±30.70）ms,t=5.12,P=0.000; （10.68±4.16）μV vs.（13.88±3.15） μV,t=4.95,P=0.000].Other waves had no significant differences in latencies and amplitudes among the three groups （all P＞ 0.05）.In all subjects,P50 amplitudes and P300 latencies showed positively correlated with age.The average increments of P50 amplitudes and P300 latencies in normal young adults,middle-aged and elderly groups were 0.008 V/year,0.012 V/year and 0.016 V/year,and 0.917 ms/year,1.148 ms/year and 1.715 ms/year respectively.Conclusions In healthy adults,P50 amplitude and P300 latency of auditory event-related potentials are related with age.P50 amplitude and P300 latency are gradually increased or prolonged along with age,with accelerated changes in the elderly.