对象性思维的消解与唐诗的文化精神

Deconstruction of Objective Thinking and the Cultural Spirit in Tang Poems

对象性思维是一种通过对主客体之间做出严格区分、将思维者和思维对象一分为二,也就是将被思考者完全对象化、概念化来进行逻辑分析和理性认知的一种思维方法。近代以来,人类的思维方法朝着对象性思维的方向片面地发展了。这一方面带来了科学技术的进步和物质生活的繁荣,另一方面,由于对象性思维把一切事物甚至人自身都当作对象来把握和占有,所以最终形成了当今社会物欲横流、人性丧失的境况,这不仅对人与自然的关系造成了扭曲,也违逆了人的自然本性。因此,在现当代哲学的众多流派中,我们似乎总能谛听到一个共同的主旋律,那就是:消解对象性思维,使哲学真正服从于自己的天命。而要消解对象性思维,人类就必须如德国诗人荷尔德林的诗句所写的那样:"充满劳绩,却诗意地栖居于大地上。"以艺术性的思维方式来维护人类生存的根基,以美的创造来丰富我们的世界,以礼赞讴歌的态度使大地和生命得到不断的繁荣。而这一观点与唐诗的文化精神之间有着异曲同工之妙。

Objective thinking is a way of thinking which sets a rigid division between subject and object, thinker and thinking, and considers the contents of thinking as objective and conceptualized objects under the disposal of logic analysis and rational cognition. Since the modern time began, human＇ s way of thinking has been one - sidedly developed towards objective thinking. This on one hand has resulted in the progress of sci- entific technology and the prosperity of material life, on the other hand, since it put everything including hu- man being himself at the position of objects which could be grasped and occupied, it also resulted in the situa- tion of overflowing of material desire and losing of humanity, which not only distorted the relationship between human and nature, but also violated the nature of human being. Consequently, we have repeatedly heard a common theme of deconstruction of objective thinking among the variety of schools of contemporary philosophy, calling philosophy to truly conform to its own Heavenly mandate. In order to deconstruct the objective think- ing, people have to be as what the German poet Holderlin said in one of his poems： ＂full with accomplish- ments, poetically dwell on the earth. ＂ To maintain the foundation of human existence with artistic way of thinking ; to enrich our world with aesthetic creation, to promote the continuing prosperity of the Earth and life with the attitude of praising and eulogizing, all of these are coincident with the cultural spirit in the Tang Poems.