土耳其妇女、延异诗学与两部复仇剧——解读奥尔罕·帕慕克的《雪》

Turkish Woman,Differance and Two Revenge Tragedies:An Interpretation of Orhan Pamuk's Snow

20世纪80年代起,穆斯林妇女的头巾成为土耳其的一个焦点话题,引发了众多游行、抗议活动与社会冲突。在《雪》中,帕慕克讨论了这一问题。他认为,头巾问题是凯末尔世俗主义与伊斯兰文化权力角逐的一个副产品,被遮蔽的是妇女的性别身份。其实,所谓的文化冲突是虚伪而荒谬的,每一个人与物都是一种延异性存在。在作品中,这种思考转化为苏纳伊与神蓝的武力交锋和渗透于每一个人物、建筑、城市以及雪景中的"同中之异"与"异中之同"。对于如何面对这一现状,帕慕克给出的救赎之路是忘怀政治、皈依爱情。

The Muslim woman＇ s headscarf had become a focus topic and triggered a large number of demonstrations, protests and social conflicts in Turkey since 1980s. Pamuk put forward his reflection about the issue in his novel Snow. For him, the problem of headscarf is a byproduct of the power struggle between Kemal secularism and Islamic culture, covering women＇ s gender identity. However, the so - called cultural conflict is in fact false and absurd. Every person and matter＇ s existence is the existence of differance. This idea is converted to the military confrontation between Sunay and Blue, and to the character of ＂differences in the same＂ and ＂same in difference＂ of the figures, arcnitectures, cities, and the snow scene in text. Then, how to face this situation？ Pamuk gives an ineffective way of salvation, i. e. , to forget the politics and convert to love.