南极特别保护区管理权辨析

The Analysis of Right of Management in Antarctic Specially Protected Areas

南极特别保护区是南极条约及其议定书所建立的南极生态环境保护的重要制度。南极特别保护区的管理国依据南极条约协商会议审议通过的管理计划在保护区内行使管理权,以实现对特别保护区的有效管理。通过分析保护区管理权实施的依据及实践,探究潜在的利益博弈,指出在南极"主权冻结"原则持续化的过程中,南极特别保护区内管理权的实施成为相关国家加强在南极实质性存在的有效手段。我国应积极参与到南极特别保护区的设立与管理事务,以切实维护我国在南极的利益。

The establishment of Antarctic Specially Protected Areas （ASPA） is an important means for Antarctic regional protection. A nation which manages ASPA exercises the right of management according to the management plan passed by Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting. In this paper, the authors summarize the practical experience of management in ASPA, discuss the basis of international law for exercising the right of management and analyze the poteatial interest game between different countries in the Antarctic. This paper concludes that the experience of management in ASPA is becoming increasingly important for strengthening a country＇s substantial pre：;ence in the Antarctic within the restriction of the Antarctic Treaty that freezes the territorial claims. China should take an active part in the establishment and management of ASPA. By this way, we can better safeguard our own interest in the Antarctic.