抑制簧下质量负效应的轮边驱动系统研究

Research on Vertical Dynamics of Electric Drive Systems with Inhibition of Negative Effects of Unsprung Mass

传统的轮毂电机轮边驱动方案因其簧下质量过大而导致车辆行驶平顺性和车轮接地性变差,针对此问题提出了电机集成式、电机摆动式两种抑制垂向振动负效应的轮边驱动电机布置方案和一种考虑到具体悬架形式和结构参数的1/4悬架垂向动力学模型。针对电机摆动式方案中电机的悬置参数进行了优化设计,并对这两种结构和轮毂电机结构的垂向动力学性能进行了仿真计算,基于Matlab和Adams软件的仿真结果,结合相关评价指标,分析了这3种系统的垂向动力学特性。结果表明,相比传统轮毂电机驱动系统,其余两种方案皆可起到抑制车辆的垂向加速度,改善车辆的平顺性和车轮接地性的作用,其中对车轮接地性的改善效果更明显,电机摆动式结构在改善垂向动力学性能上比集成式结构更有效。

The big unsprung mass of traditional electric in-wheel-drive systems has a negative effect on the ride comfort and ground adhesion of electric vehicles. Therefore,two kinds of structures to suppress the negative effect were proposed： amotor integrated electric wheel drive system and an electric wheel drive system whose motor can swing and act as a dynamic absorber. A 1/4 suspension dynamic model was deduced and then the suspension parameters of the dynamic absorber were optimized. These two structures and the in-wheel-drive structure were simulated in Matlab and Adams. Referring to the evaluation indexes, the results show that compared with the traditional in-wheel motor driven EV, both the acceleration of the body and the dynamic load are reduced, and the ground adhesion is improved more obviously than ride comfort. The system with a motor using a dynamic absorber is more efficient than with the integrated motor.