大青山自然保护区人为活动空间分布及其对景观格局的影响

Spatial distribution of human activities and their influences on landscape patterns in Daqingshan Nature Reserve

本文基于森林资源清查数据和野外调查资料,应用GIS空间分析技术和景观指数方法,研究了内蒙古地区的大青山自然保护区内西部、中部和东部3个分区中3种人为活动影响(居民点、道路、其他影响源)的空间分布、影响贡献率及其对景观格局的影响.结果表明:自然保护区中人为活动影响强度在东西部较高、中部较低.在3个分区中,西区的景观格局主要受到其他影响源的作用,使其针叶林、阔叶林、灌木林的景观格局趋于聚集分布;中区的景观格局主要受到道路的影响,使其阔叶林与灌木林景观斑块聚集程度降低;东区的景观格局主要受到居民点的影响,使其针叶林与阔叶林破碎度增加,灌木林与草地的景观斑块聚集度明显增大.

Based on forest inventory data and field survey information, and by using GIS spatial analysis technique and landscape indices, this paper studied the spatial distribution of three catego- ries of human activities （ settlement, roads, and other sources of disturbances） and their impacts on landscape patterns in three sub-divided regions, i. e. , the west, central and east regions of the Daqingshan Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia. Results showed that the impacts of human activities were stronger in the east and west regions and weaker in the central region. Among the three subdivided regions, the landscape pattern in the west region was predominantly affected by other sources of disturbances, making the landscape patterns of coniferous forests, broadleaf forests and shrubs tended to be of aggregated distribution; the central region was mainly affected by roads, resulting in reduced landscape patch aggregation of broadleaf forests and shrubs; the east region was mostly affected by settlement, resulting in increased fragmentation of coniferous forests and broadleaf forests and apparent increases in landscape patch aggregation of shrubs and grasslands.