2012年河北省易县居民饮用水水碘含量调查

A survey of iodine content in drinking water of Yi County in Hebei Province in 2012

目的 了解河北省易县居民饮用水水碘含量情况,为碘缺乏病防治提供科学依据.方法 2012年在河北省易县,以行政村为单位,对集中供水的村,每个村采集1份末梢水.对分散式供水的村,如水源少于5个的村,全部采样检测;如水源多于5个的村,按东、西、南、北、中5个方位抽取5户居民饮用水水样.所有水样进行水碘检测,同时调查地貌特征、水源类型、井深.水碘检测采用硫酸砷铈催化分光光度测定方法.结果 共采集水样1 024份,水碘含量范围为0.00 ～ 18.39 μg/L,水碘中位数为2.08 μg/L.山地、丘陵、平原分别采集水样490、505、29份,水碘中位数分别为1.74、2.26、3.15 μg/L,山地水碘中位数低于丘陵和平原（x2=37.36、34.25,P均＜0.01）,丘陵低于平原（x2=15.27,P＜0.01）;家用井水、自来水及山泉水分别采集水样742、228、54份,水碘中位数分别为2.08、2.24、0.73 μg/L.自来水与家用井水水碘中位数比较,差异无统计学意义（x2=2.97,P＞0.05）,山泉水低于家用井水和自来水（x2=38.23、43.82,P均＜0.01）;井深＜40m及≥40 m分别采集583和441份水样,水碘中位数分别为1.81、2.24 μg/L,不同井深饮用水水碘中位数比较,差异无统计学意义（x2=2.32,P＞ 0.05）.结论 易县居民饮用水水碘含量很低,自然环境缺碘严重,今后应加强人群的补碘干预.

Objective To find out the iodine content in drinking water in Yi County,and to provide a scientific basis for prevention of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods An administrative village was taken as a unit in Yi County,Hebei Province.One drinking water sample was randomly selected from each village with centralized water supply.For villages with decentralized water supply,five drinking water samples were randomly selected according to directions （east,west,south,north and center） if there were more than five water sources in the village ; all the water source samples were taken if there were less than five water sources.Water iodine content of all of the water samples was tested; geomorphological feature,water type and well depth were surveyed.Water iodine content was determined through arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometric method.Results The range of water iodine content was 0.00-18.39 μg/L,and water iodine median was 2.08 μg/L in 1 024 water samples in the county.Water samples of 490,505 and 29 copies were collected in the hills,plains and mountains,and water iodine median was 1.74,2.26,3.15 μg/L,respectively.Concerning water iodine medians in drinking water,mountains were less than hills and plains（x2 =37.36,34.25,all P〈 0.01）,hills were less than （x2=15.27,P 〈 0.01）.Water samples of 742,228,54 copies were collected,respectively,in household well water,tap water and mountain spring water,and water iodine median was 2.08,2.24 and 0.73 μg/L,respectively.There was no significant difference between the water iodine median in tap water and household well water （x2 =2.97,P 〉 0.05）,and the iodine in mountain spring water was less than that of tap water and household well water （x2 =38.23,43.82,P 〈 0.01）.Water samples of 583 and 441 copies were collected,respectively,in the well depth 〈 40 m and well depth ≥40 m,and water iodine median was 1.81 and 2.24 μg/L,respectively,and there was no significant difference between the water iodine median in the well depth 〈 40 m and well depth ≥40 m（x2 =2.32,P 〉 0.05）.Conclusions Residents iodine content of drinking water in Yi County is lower; the natural environment is seriously iodine deficiency,and iodine supplementation should be strengthened.