硒及年龄、性别、文化程度、职业等因素对山东省农村老年人认知能力的影响

The influences of selenium, age, sex, education level, occupation and other factors on cognitive function in elderly of rural areas in Shandong Province

目的 探讨硒及其他可能相关因素（年龄、性别、文化程度、职业等）对山东省农村老年人群认知能力的影响.方法 2006、2007年,采用整群抽样方法,在山东省高密市和淄川区抽取≥65岁老年人.对研究对象进行一般情况调查;采用老年痴呆症社区调查表（CSID）,内容包括痴呆测试、CERAD文字表学习、回忆测试、印第安纳大学（IU）故事回忆测试和动物影响测试,对认知能力进行调查;采集研究对象的指甲样本,采用2,3-二氨基萘荧光法检测硒含量;并对硒及其他相关因素（年龄、性别、文化程度、职业等）与认知能力之间的关系进行统计学分析.结果 共调查≥65岁老年人1 000人.其中男性457人,女性543人;职业以农民为主,受教育程度以文盲居多.不同硒水平组CSID总分和IU故事回忆得分组间比较差异均具有统计学意义（F值分别为2.56、9.18,P＜0.05或＜0.01）.通过多元线性回归模型分析,年龄、性别、文化程度、职业、高血压、指甲硒对≥65岁老年人群CSID总分有影响（t值分别为-9.942、-6.848、5.391、2.276、-2.863、2.309,P均＜0.05）;年龄、性别、文化程度、职业、指甲硒对IU故事回忆能力有影响（t值分别为-4.252、-2.021、8.203、2.528、4.490,P均＜ 0.05）;年龄、性别、文化程度、职业对动物影响测试有影响（t值分别为-7.951、-6.166、7.544、2.824,P均＜ 0.05）.结论 硒是影响山东省老年认知能力的保护因素;且年龄、性别、文化程度等因素也对农村老年人的认知能力具有影响.

Objective To explore the influences of selenium,age,sex,education level,occupation and other factors on cognitive function in elderly of rural areas in Shandong Province.Methods Rural Chinese aged 65 years or older were sampled from Gaomi County and Zichuan County from 2006 to 2007 in Shandong,Province by cluster sampling method.Demographic characteristics were collected,and cognitive functions were surveyed using dementia community survey（CSID）,including dementia test,CERAD word list learning,recall test,Indiana University （IU） story recall test and impact test on animals.The nail samples were collected and the selenium content was tested using 2,3-diamino-naphthalene fluorescence assay.The relationship between selenium and other related factors（age,sex,education level,occupation,et al） With cognitive function was analyzed.Results A total of 1 000 people aged 65 years or older were investigated.In which,457 were males,and 543 were females.Most elderly were farmers and illiteracy.The differences of CSID total scores and IU story recall scores between different selenium groups were statistically significant（F =2.56,9.18,P 〈 0.05 or 〈 0.01）.Multiple linear regression model analysis showed,age,sex,education level,occupation,hypertension and nail selenium content had significant impact on CSID scores（t =-9.942,-6.848,5.391,2.276,-2.863,2.309,all P 〈 0.05）.Age,sex,education level,occupation and nail selenium content had significant impact on IU story recall test （t =-4.252,-2.021,8.203,2.528,4.490,all P 〈 0.05）.While age,sex,education level,occupation were main influence factors to animal fluency test（t =-7.951,-6.166,7.544,2.824,all P〈 0.05）.Conclusions Selenium is a protective factor for cognitive function of elderly in Shandong Province.Besides,age,sex and education level also have impact on cognitive ability of rural elderly.