河南省叶县乡村医生防治碘缺乏病知识和行为情况调查

A survey of knowledge and practice on iodine deficiency disorders in rural doctors in Ye County, Henan Province

目的 了解河南省盐产地叶县乡村医生对碘缺乏病防治的知信行情况以及其健康教育传播能力.方法 在河南省叶县选择50名乡村医生,作为调查对象,采用半结构式访谈问卷进行碘缺乏病防治的知信行情况调查,调查内容包括：食盐的销售购买情况,食盐的日常监督和监测活动,碘盐对健康的作用,接受培训的情况,参加过的健康教育情况及相关建议.结果 ①有29人能准确说.出食盐加碘的优点;②有39人参加过居民家中的食盐半定量监测活动,通常是每年1～2次;有15人了解盐业部门对食盐的日常监督活动;③有49人认为食盐加碘对健康是有好处,48人愿意参加碘缺乏病相关宣传活动;④乡村医生获取卫生保健知识的途径主要有宣传标语/材料[54.0％（27/50）]、电视[50.0％（25/50）]、讲座/培训[24.0％（12/50）];（⑤有37人参加过碘缺乏病健康教育活动,健康教育形式有：发小册子[68.0％（34/50）]、宣传标语/宣传栏[36.0％（18/50）]、广播[24.0％（12/50）]、给村民进行讲座[24.0％（12/50）].⑥有28人认为目前开展的碘缺乏病健康教育活动较好,同时他们建议降低食盐价格、加强监督、多组织培训、多深入农村宣传.结论 乡村医生的碘缺乏病防治知识仍比较薄弱,需要加强培训;他们参加碘缺乏病健康教育的主动性较好,但形式仍以单向传播为主.

Objective To know the rural doctors＇ knowledge,belief and practice on iodine deficiency disorders（IDD）,as well as their capability on health education communication in Ye County,Henan Province.Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 50 rural doctors in Ye County,Henan Province.Topics covered include：sales of salt purchases,daily supervision and monitoring activities of salt,the health effects of salt,the situation of rural doctors trained,the situation of rural doctors participated in health education and related recommendations.Results ①Twenty-nine of the rural doctors knew exactly the advantage of salt iodization.②Thirty-nine of the rural doctors had taken part in the half quantitative detection of salt once or twice a year and 15 of them knew the supervision activities of salt industry department.③Forty-nine of the rural doctors believed salt iodization was beneficial to health and 48 of them were willing to participate in health education on IDD.④The major ways of their acquiring health knowledge were promotional materials [54.0% （27/50）],TV [50.0% （25/50）],and lecture/training [24.0% （12/50）].⑤Thirty-seven of the rural doctors had taken part in health education on IDD.They were used to use booklets [68.0% （34/50）],promotional slogan [36.0% （18/50）],broadcast [24.0% （12/50）],and doctor consultation [24.0% （12/50）].⑥Twenty-eight of the rural doctors thought the current health education on IDD was better.They hoped to reduce the price of salt,strengthen supervision,receive more training and health education on IDD.Conclusions The rural doctors remain relatively lack of knowledge on IDD.Rural doctors have the initiative and responsibility to conduct health education on IDD,but their pattern is still a one-way propagation.