黄土路堑边坡植物纤维防护效果试验研究

Study on Plant Fiber Protection on Expressway Cutting Slope in Loess Area

针对中国西北黄土地区公路边坡常出现的冲蚀、剥蚀等病害,提出一种新型植物纤维防护技术。该技术将黄土、麦秸秆、草籽等材料混合后,喷射至黄土边坡表面形成植物纤维层。通过植物纤维层的联结、加筋和分散坡面径流等作用及植被的降雨截流、削弱溅蚀、抑制坡面径流、加固坡面等作用,可有效减少黄土边坡冲蚀、剥蚀等坡面病害的发生。对比在平凉至定西高速公路开展的植物纤维防护边坡与黄土裸坡的模拟降雨试验结果证明,植物纤维防护有效降低了降雨过程中边坡的含沙率与累积冲蚀量,对冲蚀等黄土边坡坡面病害有较理想的防治效果。

Erosion and denudation always occur on loess side slopes and cutting slopes along expressway in Northwestern China. A new slope protecting technique named plant fiber protection was proposed. Materials applied in this method include loess near roadway,wheat straw,grass seed and so on. The materials were mixed with water and sprayed on the surface of the cutting slope to reduce the rain erosion. The field rainfall experiments on the plant fiber protected slope and bare slope were conducted at some section of Pingliang-Dingxi Expressway in Gansu province. The results showed that the connection and reinforcement effect from wheat straw can effectively intercept rain flow and decrease the sputter and runoff on slopes,and therefore,decrease erosion and denudation of slope. Compared with other mitigation measures,this method is relatively cheap and easy to construction. It also can green and beautify the roadway corridor. Thus it is an ideal way in mitigating rain erosion of cutting slopes in loess areas.