不同产地丹参叶解剖学研究

Anatomical Study on Leaf of Salvia miltiorrhiza from Different Areas

对不同产地丹参叶片和叶柄的主要解剖学特征进行比较,以期为丹参种源鉴定和良种选育提供依据。应用石蜡切片法观察了8个产地丹参叶的解剖结构,测量了表皮、木质部、韧皮部等指标,并应用主成分分析方法对所测数据进行了分析。结果表明:所有产地丹参叶片均为奇数羽状复叶,异面叶,叶片表面均覆有毛被。上下表皮均为1层细胞构成,无角质层;叶柄为半月形,表面亦有毛被。在叶片和叶柄横切面上不同来源丹参的结构有差异。此外,叶的解剖结构可为鉴别主产区和非主产区来源的丹参提供有力依据,并为筛选和培育丹参优良品种提供参考。

In order to provide scientific basis for the identification and improved varieties of Salvia miltiorrhiza,the anatomy characteristics of S.miltiorrhiza of different habitats were compared.The lamina and petiole of S.miltiorrhiza in 8 places were studied with paraffin sectioning,and their microstructures were observed.Moreover,the epidermis,xylems,phloems,etc.were measured.The data were studied by principal components analysis method.Leaf of S.miltiorrhiza is odd-pinnately compound leaf,bifacial leaf,villous.The upper epidermis thickness 11.87- 26.47 μm,lower epidermis thickness 7.40- 24.57 μm,number of palisade tissue 1-2,thickness of palisade tissue 42.93- 58.13 μm,thickness of spongy tissue 57.17-102.67 μm,palisade tissue-spongy tissue ratio of leaf 0.55- 0.87 etc.Leaf anatomical structure of S.miltiorrhiza has relationship with plant type and effective components.In summary,the anatomy characteristics of S.miltiorrhiza were distinguished from different origins.These conclusions can provide valuable reference for S.miltiorrhiza breeding.