“被精神病”怪相——浅谈精神疾病的诊断和收治原则

"Compulsory Mental Illness" Grimace:diagnosis and treat on the principles of mental illness

近年来连续发生的多起"被精神病"案件在社会上引起了对精神疾病的诊断标准的大讨论。本文试从案例分析入手,论述目前精神疾病诊断的现状、存在的问题与不足,主要在于患者心理异常、医生心理分析的主观与客观冲突、量化诊断的不足与滥用等方面;同时提出了应对这些不足的思路,包括积极宣教、提高临床医护人员对精神疾病的认识、理顺诊断过程中最基本的逻辑方法等。以期引起广大临床医护人员对精神疾病临床诊断的关注和对精神疾病患者的关怀,降低精神疾病的误诊率。

There has been a heated discussion in society about the increasing number of medical cases of ＂compulsory mental illness＂ that have happened more and more frequently in recent years. In this essay, the author tried to analyze some symbolic cases to demonstrate the current situations, problems and disadvantages of the practice of the diagnosis methodology for mental illness, which basically lie in three aspects： the difference and abnormality of the patients, the conflict between subjection and objection of the doctor and the abuse of quantified methods of diagnosis. At the same time, the solutions were raised in this essay, including, health education among patients, improvement of the knowledge on mental illness of the medical personnel and the correction and return to the basic logical and critical thinking of diagnosing. This essay was written in the hope of raising the awareness, attention and reflections of every one of the medical personnel to the humanity of patients with mental illness and the hope of decreasing the misdiagnosis rate.