口腔颌面部高速投射物伤致牙周膜间接损伤的实验研究

An experimental study on indirect injury of periodontal membrane caused by high speed projectile in oral and maxillofacial region

目的:研究口腔颌面部高速投射物伤导致的牙周膜间接损伤的特点。方法:将18只实验犬随机分为6组,以直径6.0 mm、质量0.88 g的高速投射物致伤右下颌骨体部第四前磨牙根尖下方区域,但不直接伤及牙齿;分别于伤后6 h、24 h、3 d、7 d、2 w及4 w处死实验犬,观察右下颌第四前磨牙、第二前磨牙及左下颌第二前磨牙牙周膜的组织病理学表现。结果:右下颌第四前磨牙和第二前磨牙的牙周膜损伤较明显,但病理学变化可逆;左下颌第二前磨牙牙周膜仅见一过性血管扩张、充血。结论:口腔颌面部高速投射物伤可导致牙周膜发生间接损伤,病理学变化可逆;损伤程度随着牙齿与伤区距离的增加而递减。

Objective：To investigate the characteristics of indirect injury of periodontal membrane caused by high speed projectile in oral and maxillofacial region. Method：18 dogs were divided into six groups with random allocation,then a high speed projectile（φ6.0mm, 0.88 g） was shot into the body of right mandible（the region below the fourth premolar） of each dog, but the teeth were not injured directly. The experimental dogs were put to death 6h,24 h,3 d,7 d,2 wk and 4 wk later;then the histopathologic manifestations of periodontal membrane of the fourth premolar of right mandible,the second premolar of right mandible and the second premolar of left mandible were observed. Result：The periodontal membrane of the fourth premolar and the second premolar of right mandible was injured visibly,but the pathologic changes were re-versible;yet the periodontal membrane of the second premolar of left mandible was injured slightly and temporarily. Con-clusion：The wound of high speed projectile in oral and maxillofacial region can cause indirect injury of periodontal mem-brane,but the pathologic changes are reversible;traumatic severity decreases as the distance of the tooth to the wound area increases.