青海湖流域小泊湖湿地植物种间关系研究

Interspecific relations among the plants at Xiaopohu Wetland of eastern Qinghai Lake

应用X2检验、Pearson相关分析和Spearman秩相关分析对青海湖流域典型湿地小泊湖的19个优势种进行种间关系分析,并结合聚类分析结果对它们进行生态种组的划分。结果表明:Spearman秩相关分析结果优于X2检验和Pearson相关分析;小泊湖湿地优势种群间大多表现为无关联,显著和极显著相关的种对数量较少,共占总种对数量的11.7%,物种趋向于独立分布。根据分析结果将19个优势物种划分为海韭菜—华扁穗生态种组、嵩草生态种组和禾叶嵩草生态种组。

Qinghai Lake is the largest inland-plateau saltwater lake in China, which is very important in ecological environment. The landscape of eastern Qinghai Lake is the sandy land, Xiaopohu wetland locates in its east, so study of the interspecific relationships among species on the Xiaopohu wetland is favorable for the vegetation restoration of eastern Qinghai Lake. 53 sample plots of 1 m × 1 m were delimited around the Xiaopohu stations, the distance be- tween the two plots is 100 meters, the plots were used to record the quantitative community features： including the species, coverage, height and the elevation, as well as latitude, longitude, circumstance, and geographical features of each sample plot during August 2012. Taking the important values of species over 1 as the dominant species, the re- lated study was carried out. The X^2 - test, Pearson＇ s correlation coefficient and Spearman＇ s correlation coefficient are used to study the interspecific relationships among the 19 main species in Xiaobohu, which is the typical wetland in Qinghai Lake Nature Reserve, and with the help of results of clustering analysis on their relative height, relative frequency, relative coverage and importance value, the ecological species groups were divided. The results are as fol- lows ： There are 53 species in the sample plots of study area, the main dominant species are Triglochin maritimurn, Blysmus sinocompressus, Kobresiapusilla, et al. Spearman＇ s correlation analysis is more sensitive to the affinity among species compared with X^2 -test and Pearson＇ s correlation analysis. Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the total associations among all the species in Xiaopohu Wetland are unremarkable negatively signifi- cant and the unremarkable couples of species account for the highest proportion, significant and extremely signifi- cant correlation account for 11.7% in the total number, there are significant positive correlation among the species, such as Carextristachya and Kobresiapygmaea, Herba Taraxaci and Stellerachamaejasme, Hordeumviolaceum and Pleurospermum hookeriva etc. There are significant negative correlation among the species, such as Triglochin maritimum and Blysmus sinocompressus , Triglochin maritimum and Stellera chamaejasme , Triglochin maritimurn and Pleurospermum hookeriva etc. The plant communities tend to grow independently. The reason is that plants ad- aptation to the environment and different resources space. According to the difference of soil moisture and salinity, Xiaopohu wetland can be divided into swamp meadow, swamp beach, wet beach and Kobresia meadow, the different plant species are in different habitats. According to the results of the Spearman＇ s correlation analysis and cluster analysis, 19 main dominant species in Xiaopohu wetland can be divided into three biological groups, the Triglochin maritimum and Blysmussinocompressus ecological species group,the Kobresiapusilla species group,and Grami- nifolia species group. Triglochin maritimum and Blysmus sinocompressus ecological species groups are mainly the humidogene and the aquatic plants, caused by adaptation to the swamp meadow and swamp beach, which have high moisture and salinity in soil. As far as Kobresia pusilla species group, the ecotype is primarily characterized by the mesophyte plants and the humidogene plants, they grow in wet beach and Kobresia meadow, where the water and the salinity in soil is moderate. Graminifolia species group is primarily characterized by the mesophyteor and the xero- phyte plants, they distribute in the slightly higher terrain platform. toting of Xiaopohu wetland vegetation change in long time, and to tire measures. Suggestions are as follows： to strengthen the moni- ensure the timeliness and effectiveness of protectire measures.