基于表型和核型及分子证据的甘蔗德阳大叶子属种分析

Species Identification of the Sugarcane Germplasm Deyang Dayezi Based on Phenotypic,Karyotypic and Molecular Evidences

该研究以甘蔗属热带种、中国种、印度种和杂交品种为参照,对‘德阳大叶子’进行表型、核型和SSR分子标记分析,以明确德阳大叶子的属种关系,为种间杂交利用奠定基础。结果表明:(1)表型性状和SSR标记聚类结果都能将‘德阳大叶子’、热带种、中国种和杂交品种明显分成3个类群;其中‘德阳大叶子’与热带种、中国种、印度种和杂交品种的表型平均相似性系数分别为0.51、0.71、0.55和0.31,表型聚类与中国种最近。(2)‘德阳大叶子’的核型分析显示,体细胞染色体数为2n=116,核型公式为:2n=116=4M+104m+8sm,核型属于2B型,符合中国种染色体数范围。(3)利用13对引物进行SSR标记的UPGMA聚类结果表明,‘德阳大叶子’与热带种、中国种、印度种和杂交品种间的平均相似性系数分别为0.70、0.69、0.68和0.69,种间相似性系数相差不明显。研究认为,‘德阳大叶子’属于中国种或是中国种杂交后代的低世代材料。

In this study,the taxonomic status of an elite sugarcane germplasm,‘Deyang Dayezi＇in the Saccharum L.was ascertained by comparing the phenotypical,karyotypical and SSR markers data to that of S.officinarum L.,S.sinense R.,S.barberi J.and hybrid varieties,to provide a base for the utilization of this germplasm in interspecific hybridization.The results showed that：（1）Both phenotypic trait analysis and SSR marker analysis showed that S.officinarum,S.sinense and the hybrid varieties were clustered intothree groups,and the average phenotypic similarity coefficients between‘Deyang Dayezi＇and S.officinarum,S.sinense,S.barberi and the hybrid varieties were 0.51,0.71,0.55 and 0.31,respectively,suggesting the closest relativeness between ‘Deyang Dayezi＇and S.sinense;（2）The karyotype analysis showed that the karyotype of‘Deyang Dayezi＇was 2n=116=4M＋104m＋8sm,which belonging to the 2Bkaryotype,and fell into with the chromosome number range of S.sinense;（3）The UPGMA cluster analysis of SSR markers derived from the 13 primer pairs showed that the average similarity coefficients between‘Deyang Dayezi＇and S.officinarum,S.sinense,S.barberi and the hybrid varieties were 0.70,0.69,0.68 and 0.69,respectively,and there was not significant difference in these similarity coefficients.Theses results suggested that‘Deyang Dayezi＇could be included in the species of S.sinense or be considered as a low pedigree material of S.sinense hybrids.